# Vision Transformer (ViT) [Vision Transformer (ViT)](https://huggingface.co/papers/2010.11929) is a transformer adapted for computer vision tasks. An image is split into smaller fixed-sized patches which are treated as a sequence of tokens, similar to words for NLP tasks. ViT requires less resources to pretrain compared to convolutional architectures and its performance on large datasets can be transferred to smaller downstream tasks. You can find all the original ViT checkpoints under the [Google](https://huggingface.co/google?search_models=vit) organization. > [!TIP] > Click on the ViT models in the right sidebar for more examples of how to apply ViT to different computer vision tasks. The example below demonstrates how to classify an image with [Pipeline](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/main_classes/pipelines#transformers.Pipeline) or the [AutoModel](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/model_doc/auto#transformers.AutoModel) class. ```py import torch from transformers import pipeline pipeline = pipeline( task="image-classification", model="google/vit-base-patch16-224", dtype=torch.float16, device=0 ) pipeline("https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface/documentation-images/resolve/main/pipeline-cat-chonk.jpeg") ``` ```py import torch import requests from PIL import Image from transformers import AutoModelForImageClassification, AutoImageProcessor image_processor = AutoImageProcessor.from_pretrained( "google/vit-base-patch16-224", use_fast=True, ) model = AutoModelForImageClassification.from_pretrained( "google/vit-base-patch16-224", dtype=torch.float16, device_map="auto", attn_implementation="sdpa" ) url = "https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface/documentation-images/resolve/main/pipeline-cat-chonk.jpeg" image = Image.open(requests.get(url, stream=True).raw) inputs = image_processor(image, return_tensors="pt").to(model.device) with torch.no_grad(): logits = model(**inputs).logits predicted_class_id = logits.argmax(dim=-1).item() class_labels = model.config.id2label predicted_class_label = class_labels[predicted_class_id] print(f"The predicted class label is: {predicted_class_label}") ``` ## Notes - The best results are obtained with supervised pretraining, and during fine-tuning, it may be better to use images with a resolution higher than 224x224. - Use [ViTImageProcessorFast](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/model_doc/vit#transformers.ViTImageProcessorFast) to resize (or rescale) and normalize images to the expected size. - The patch and image resolution are reflected in the checkpoint name. For example, google/vit-base-patch16-224, is the **base-sized** architecture with a patch resolution of 16x16 and fine-tuning resolution of 224x224. ## ViTConfig[[transformers.ViTConfig]] #### transformers.ViTConfig[[transformers.ViTConfig]] [Source](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/blob/v5.2.0/src/transformers/models/vit/configuration_vit.py#L23) This is the configuration class to store the configuration of a [ViTModel](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/model_doc/vit#transformers.ViTModel). It is used to instantiate an ViT model according to the specified arguments, defining the model architecture. Instantiating a configuration with the defaults will yield a similar configuration to that of the ViT [google/vit-base-patch16-224](https://huggingface.co/google/vit-base-patch16-224) architecture. Configuration objects inherit from [PreTrainedConfig](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/main_classes/configuration#transformers.PreTrainedConfig) and can be used to control the model outputs. Read the documentation from [PreTrainedConfig](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/main_classes/configuration#transformers.PreTrainedConfig) for more information. Example: ```python >>> from transformers import ViTConfig, ViTModel >>> # Initializing a ViT vit-base-patch16-224 style configuration >>> configuration = ViTConfig() >>> # Initializing a model (with random weights) from the vit-base-patch16-224 style configuration >>> model = ViTModel(configuration) >>> # Accessing the model configuration >>> configuration = model.config ``` **Parameters:** hidden_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 768) : Dimensionality of the encoder layers and the pooler layer. num_hidden_layers (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 12) : Number of hidden layers in the Transformer encoder. num_attention_heads (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 12) : Number of attention heads for each attention layer in the Transformer encoder. intermediate_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 3072) : Dimensionality of the "intermediate" (i.e., feed-forward) layer in the Transformer encoder. hidden_act (`str` or `function`, *optional*, defaults to `"gelu"`) : The non-linear activation function (function or string) in the encoder and pooler. If string, `"gelu"`, `"relu"`, `"selu"` and `"gelu_new"` are supported. hidden_dropout_prob (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.0) : The dropout probability for all fully connected layers in the embeddings, encoder, and pooler. attention_probs_dropout_prob (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.0) : The dropout ratio for the attention probabilities. initializer_range (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.02) : The standard deviation of the truncated_normal_initializer for initializing all weight matrices. layer_norm_eps (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 1e-12) : The epsilon used by the layer normalization layers. image_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 224) : The size (resolution) of each image. patch_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 16) : The size (resolution) of each patch. num_channels (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 3) : The number of input channels. qkv_bias (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`) : Whether to add a bias to the queries, keys and values. encoder_stride (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 16) : Factor to increase the spatial resolution by in the decoder head for masked image modeling. pooler_output_size (`int`, *optional*) : Dimensionality of the pooler layer. If None, defaults to `hidden_size`. pooler_act (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"tanh"`) : The activation function to be used by the pooler. ## ViTImageProcessor[[transformers.ViTImageProcessor]] #### transformers.ViTImageProcessor[[transformers.ViTImageProcessor]] [Source](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/blob/v5.2.0/src/transformers/models/vit/image_processing_vit.py#L41) Constructs a ViT image processor. preprocesstransformers.ViTImageProcessor.preprocesshttps://github.com/huggingface/transformers/blob/v5.2.0/src/transformers/models/vit/image_processing_vit.py#L150[{"name": "images", "val": ": typing.Union[ForwardRef('PIL.Image.Image'), numpy.ndarray, ForwardRef('torch.Tensor'), list['PIL.Image.Image'], list[numpy.ndarray], list['torch.Tensor']]"}, {"name": "do_resize", "val": ": bool | None = None"}, {"name": "size", "val": ": dict[str, int] | None = None"}, {"name": "resample", "val": ": PIL.Image.Resampling | None = None"}, {"name": "do_rescale", "val": ": bool | None = None"}, {"name": "rescale_factor", "val": ": float | None = None"}, {"name": "do_normalize", "val": ": bool | None = None"}, {"name": "image_mean", "val": ": float | list[float] | None = None"}, {"name": "image_std", "val": ": float | list[float] | None = None"}, {"name": "return_tensors", "val": ": str | transformers.utils.generic.TensorType | None = None"}, {"name": "data_format", "val": ": str | transformers.image_utils.ChannelDimension = "}, {"name": "input_data_format", "val": ": str | transformers.image_utils.ChannelDimension | None = None"}, {"name": "do_convert_rgb", "val": ": bool | None = None"}]- **images** (`ImageInput`) -- Image to preprocess. Expects a single or batch of images with pixel values ranging from 0 to 255. If passing in images with pixel values between 0 and 1, set `do_rescale=False`. - **do_resize** (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `self.do_resize`) -- Whether to resize the image. - **size** (`dict[str, int]`, *optional*, defaults to `self.size`) -- Dictionary in the format `{"height": h, "width": w}` specifying the size of the output image after resizing. - **resample** (`PILImageResampling` filter, *optional*, defaults to `self.resample`) -- `PILImageResampling` filter to use if resizing the image e.g. `PILImageResampling.BILINEAR`. Only has an effect if `do_resize` is set to `True`. - **do_rescale** (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `self.do_rescale`) -- Whether to rescale the image values between [0 - 1]. - **rescale_factor** (`float`, *optional*, defaults to `self.rescale_factor`) -- Rescale factor to rescale the image by if `do_rescale` is set to `True`. - **do_normalize** (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `self.do_normalize`) -- Whether to normalize the image. - **image_mean** (`float` or `list[float]`, *optional*, defaults to `self.image_mean`) -- Image mean to use if `do_normalize` is set to `True`. - **image_std** (`float` or `list[float]`, *optional*, defaults to `self.image_std`) -- Image standard deviation to use if `do_normalize` is set to `True`. - **return_tensors** (`str` or `TensorType`, *optional*) -- The type of tensors to return. Can be one of: - Unset: Return a list of `np.ndarray`. - `TensorType.PYTORCH` or `'pt'`: Return a batch of type `torch.Tensor`. - `TensorType.NUMPY` or `'np'`: Return a batch of type `np.ndarray`. - **data_format** (`ChannelDimension` or `str`, *optional*, defaults to `ChannelDimension.FIRST`) -- The channel dimension format for the output image. Can be one of: - `"channels_first"` or `ChannelDimension.FIRST`: image in (num_channels, height, width) format. - `"channels_last"` or `ChannelDimension.LAST`: image in (height, width, num_channels) format. - Unset: Use the channel dimension format of the input image. - **input_data_format** (`ChannelDimension` or `str`, *optional*) -- The channel dimension format for the input image. If unset, the channel dimension format is inferred from the input image. Can be one of: - `"channels_first"` or `ChannelDimension.FIRST`: image in (num_channels, height, width) format. - `"channels_last"` or `ChannelDimension.LAST`: image in (height, width, num_channels) format. - `"none"` or `ChannelDimension.NONE`: image in (height, width) format. - **do_convert_rgb** (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `self.do_convert_rgb`) -- Whether to convert the image to RGB.0 Preprocess an image or batch of images. **Parameters:** do_resize (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`) : Whether to resize the image's (height, width) dimensions to the specified `(size["height"], size["width"])`. Can be overridden by the `do_resize` parameter in the `preprocess` method. size (`dict`, *optional*, defaults to `{"height" : 224, "width": 224}`): Size of the output image after resizing. Can be overridden by the `size` parameter in the `preprocess` method. resample (`PILImageResampling`, *optional*, defaults to `Resampling.BILINEAR`) : Resampling filter to use if resizing the image. Can be overridden by the `resample` parameter in the `preprocess` method. do_rescale (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`) : Whether to rescale the image by the specified scale `rescale_factor`. Can be overridden by the `do_rescale` parameter in the `preprocess` method. rescale_factor (`int` or `float`, *optional*, defaults to `1/255`) : Scale factor to use if rescaling the image. Can be overridden by the `rescale_factor` parameter in the `preprocess` method. do_normalize (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`) : Whether to normalize the image. Can be overridden by the `do_normalize` parameter in the `preprocess` method. image_mean (`float` or `list[float]`, *optional*, defaults to `IMAGENET_STANDARD_MEAN`) : Mean to use if normalizing the image. This is a float or list of floats the length of the number of channels in the image. Can be overridden by the `image_mean` parameter in the `preprocess` method. image_std (`float` or `list[float]`, *optional*, defaults to `IMAGENET_STANDARD_STD`) : Standard deviation to use if normalizing the image. This is a float or list of floats the length of the number of channels in the image. Can be overridden by the `image_std` parameter in the `preprocess` method. do_convert_rgb (`bool`, *optional*) : Whether to convert the image to RGB. ## ViTImageProcessorFast[[transformers.ViTImageProcessorFast]] #### transformers.ViTImageProcessorFast[[transformers.ViTImageProcessorFast]] [Source](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/blob/v5.2.0/src/transformers/models/vit/image_processing_vit_fast.py#L30) Constructs a fast Vit image processor. preprocesstransformers.ViTImageProcessorFast.preprocesshttps://github.com/huggingface/transformers/blob/v5.2.0/src/transformers/image_processing_utils_fast.py#L838[{"name": "images", "val": ": typing.Union[ForwardRef('PIL.Image.Image'), numpy.ndarray, ForwardRef('torch.Tensor'), list['PIL.Image.Image'], list[numpy.ndarray], list['torch.Tensor']]"}, {"name": "*args", "val": ""}, {"name": "**kwargs", "val": ": typing_extensions.Unpack[transformers.processing_utils.ImagesKwargs]"}]- **images** (`Union[PIL.Image.Image, numpy.ndarray, torch.Tensor, list, list, list]`) -- Image to preprocess. Expects a single or batch of images with pixel values ranging from 0 to 255. If passing in images with pixel values between 0 and 1, set `do_rescale=False`. - **do_convert_rgb** (`bool | None.do_convert_rgb`) -- Whether to convert the image to RGB. - **do_resize** (`bool | None.do_resize`) -- Whether to resize the image. - **size** (`Annotated[int | list[int] | tuple[int, ...] | dict[str, int] | None, None]`) -- Describes the maximum input dimensions to the model. - **crop_size** (`Annotated[int | list[int] | tuple[int, ...] | dict[str, int] | None, None]`) -- Size of the output image after applying `center_crop`. - **resample** (`Annotated[Union[PILImageResampling, int, NoneType], None]`) -- Resampling filter to use if resizing the image. This can be one of the enum `PILImageResampling`. Only has an effect if `do_resize` is set to `True`. - **do_rescale** (`bool | None.do_rescale`) -- Whether to rescale the image. - **rescale_factor** (`float | None.rescale_factor`) -- Rescale factor to rescale the image by if `do_rescale` is set to `True`. - **do_normalize** (`bool | None.do_normalize`) -- Whether to normalize the image. - **image_mean** (`float | list[float] | tuple[float, ...] | None.image_mean`) -- Image mean to use for normalization. Only has an effect if `do_normalize` is set to `True`. - **image_std** (`float | list[float] | tuple[float, ...] | None.image_std`) -- Image standard deviation to use for normalization. Only has an effect if `do_normalize` is set to `True`. - **do_pad** (`bool | None.do_pad`) -- Whether to pad the image. Padding is done either to the largest size in the batch or to a fixed square size per image. The exact padding strategy depends on the model. - **pad_size** (`Annotated[int | list[int] | tuple[int, ...] | dict[str, int] | None, None]`) -- The size in `{"height": int, "width" int}` to pad the images to. Must be larger than any image size provided for preprocessing. If `pad_size` is not provided, images will be padded to the largest height and width in the batch. Applied only when `do_pad=True.` - **do_center_crop** (`bool | None.do_center_crop`) -- Whether to center crop the image. - **data_format** (`str | ~image_utils.ChannelDimension | None.data_format`) -- Only `ChannelDimension.FIRST` is supported. Added for compatibility with slow processors. - **input_data_format** (`str | ~image_utils.ChannelDimension | None.input_data_format`) -- The channel dimension format for the input image. If unset, the channel dimension format is inferred from the input image. Can be one of: - `"channels_first"` or `ChannelDimension.FIRST`: image in (num_channels, height, width) format. - `"channels_last"` or `ChannelDimension.LAST`: image in (height, width, num_channels) format. - `"none"` or `ChannelDimension.NONE`: image in (height, width) format. - **device** (`Annotated[Union[str, torch.device, NoneType], None]`) -- The device to process the images on. If unset, the device is inferred from the input images. - **return_tensors** (`Annotated[str | ~utils.generic.TensorType | None, None]`) -- Returns stacked tensors if set to `pt, otherwise returns a list of tensors. - **disable_grouping** (`bool | None.disable_grouping`) -- Whether to disable grouping of images by size to process them individually and not in batches. If None, will be set to True if the images are on CPU, and False otherwise. This choice is based on empirical observations, as detailed here: https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/pull/38157 - **image_seq_length** (`int | None.image_seq_length`) -- The number of image tokens to be used for each image in the input. Added for backward compatibility but this should be set as a processor attribute in future models.0``- **data** (`dict`) -- Dictionary of lists/arrays/tensors returned by the __call__ method ('pixel_values', etc.). - **tensor_type** (`Union[None, str, TensorType]`, *optional*) -- You can give a tensor_type here to convert the lists of integers in PyTorch/Numpy Tensors at initialization. **Parameters:** images (`Union[PIL.Image.Image, numpy.ndarray, torch.Tensor, list, list, list]`) : Image to preprocess. Expects a single or batch of images with pixel values ranging from 0 to 255. If passing in images with pixel values between 0 and 1, set `do_rescale=False`. do_convert_rgb (`bool | None.do_convert_rgb`) : Whether to convert the image to RGB. do_resize (`bool | None.do_resize`) : Whether to resize the image. size (`Annotated[int | list[int] | tuple[int, ...] | dict[str, int] | None, None]`) : Describes the maximum input dimensions to the model. crop_size (`Annotated[int | list[int] | tuple[int, ...] | dict[str, int] | None, None]`) : Size of the output image after applying `center_crop`. resample (`Annotated[Union[PILImageResampling, int, NoneType], None]`) : Resampling filter to use if resizing the image. This can be one of the enum `PILImageResampling`. Only has an effect if `do_resize` is set to `True`. do_rescale (`bool | None.do_rescale`) : Whether to rescale the image. rescale_factor (`float | None.rescale_factor`) : Rescale factor to rescale the image by if `do_rescale` is set to `True`. do_normalize (`bool | None.do_normalize`) : Whether to normalize the image. image_mean (`float | list[float] | tuple[float, ...] | None.image_mean`) : Image mean to use for normalization. Only has an effect if `do_normalize` is set to `True`. image_std (`float | list[float] | tuple[float, ...] | None.image_std`) : Image standard deviation to use for normalization. Only has an effect if `do_normalize` is set to `True`. do_pad (`bool | None.do_pad`) : Whether to pad the image. Padding is done either to the largest size in the batch or to a fixed square size per image. The exact padding strategy depends on the model. pad_size (`Annotated[int | list[int] | tuple[int, ...] | dict[str, int] | None, None]`) : The size in `{"height": int, "width" int}` to pad the images to. Must be larger than any image size provided for preprocessing. If `pad_size` is not provided, images will be padded to the largest height and width in the batch. Applied only when `do_pad=True.` do_center_crop (`bool | None.do_center_crop`) : Whether to center crop the image. data_format (`str | ~image_utils.ChannelDimension | None.data_format`) : Only `ChannelDimension.FIRST` is supported. Added for compatibility with slow processors. input_data_format (`str | ~image_utils.ChannelDimension | None.input_data_format`) : The channel dimension format for the input image. If unset, the channel dimension format is inferred from the input image. Can be one of: - `"channels_first"` or `ChannelDimension.FIRST`: image in (num_channels, height, width) format. - `"channels_last"` or `ChannelDimension.LAST`: image in (height, width, num_channels) format. - `"none"` or `ChannelDimension.NONE`: image in (height, width) format. device (`Annotated[Union[str, torch.device, NoneType], None]`) : The device to process the images on. If unset, the device is inferred from the input images. return_tensors (`Annotated[str | ~utils.generic.TensorType | None, None]`) : Returns stacked tensors if set to `pt, otherwise returns a list of tensors. disable_grouping (`bool | None.disable_grouping`) : Whether to disable grouping of images by size to process them individually and not in batches. If None, will be set to True if the images are on CPU, and False otherwise. This choice is based on empirical observations, as detailed here: https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/pull/38157 image_seq_length (`int | None.image_seq_length`) : The number of image tokens to be used for each image in the input. Added for backward compatibility but this should be set as a processor attribute in future models. **Returns:** ```` - **data** (`dict`) -- Dictionary of lists/arrays/tensors returned by the __call__ method ('pixel_values', etc.). - **tensor_type** (`Union[None, str, TensorType]`, *optional*) -- You can give a tensor_type here to convert the lists of integers in PyTorch/Numpy Tensors at initialization. ## ViTModel[[transformers.ViTModel]] #### transformers.ViTModel[[transformers.ViTModel]] [Source](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/blob/v5.2.0/src/transformers/models/vit/modeling_vit.py#L385) The bare Vit Model outputting raw hidden-states without any specific head on top. This model inherits from [PreTrainedModel](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/main_classes/model#transformers.PreTrainedModel). Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads etc.) This model is also a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass. Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage and behavior. forwardtransformers.ViTModel.forwardhttps://github.com/huggingface/transformers/blob/v5.2.0/src/transformers/models/vit/modeling_vit.py#L408[{"name": "pixel_values", "val": ": torch.Tensor | None = None"}, {"name": "bool_masked_pos", "val": ": torch.BoolTensor | None = None"}, {"name": "interpolate_pos_encoding", "val": ": bool | None = None"}, {"name": "**kwargs", "val": ": typing_extensions.Unpack[transformers.utils.generic.TransformersKwargs]"}]- **pixel_values** (`torch.Tensor` of shape `(batch_size, num_channels, image_size, image_size)`, *optional*) -- The tensors corresponding to the input images. Pixel values can be obtained using [ViTImageProcessorFast](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/model_doc/vit#transformers.ViTImageProcessorFast). See [ViTImageProcessorFast.__call__()](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/model_doc/fuyu#transformers.FuyuImageProcessor.__call__) for details (`processor_class` uses [ViTImageProcessorFast](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/model_doc/vit#transformers.ViTImageProcessorFast) for processing images). - **bool_masked_pos** (`torch.BoolTensor` of shape `(batch_size, num_patches)`, *optional*) -- Boolean masked positions. Indicates which patches are masked (1) and which aren't (0). - **interpolate_pos_encoding** (`bool`, *optional*) -- Whether to interpolate the pre-trained position encodings.0[transformers.modeling_outputs.BaseModelOutputWithPooling](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/main_classes/output#transformers.modeling_outputs.BaseModelOutputWithPooling) or `tuple(torch.FloatTensor)`A [transformers.modeling_outputs.BaseModelOutputWithPooling](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/main_classes/output#transformers.modeling_outputs.BaseModelOutputWithPooling) or a tuple of `torch.FloatTensor` (if `return_dict=False` is passed or when `config.return_dict=False`) comprising various elements depending on the configuration ([ViTConfig](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/model_doc/vit#transformers.ViTConfig)) and inputs. - **last_hidden_state** (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size)`) -- Sequence of hidden-states at the output of the last layer of the model. - **pooler_output** (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, hidden_size)`) -- Last layer hidden-state of the first token of the sequence (classification token) after further processing through the layers used for the auxiliary pretraining task. E.g. for BERT-family of models, this returns the classification token after processing through a linear layer and a tanh activation function. The linear layer weights are trained from the next sentence prediction (classification) objective during pretraining. - **hidden_states** (`tuple(torch.FloatTensor)`, *optional*, returned when `output_hidden_states=True` is passed or when `config.output_hidden_states=True`) -- Tuple of `torch.FloatTensor` (one for the output of the embeddings, if the model has an embedding layer, + one for the output of each layer) of shape `(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size)`. Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the optional initial embedding outputs. - **attentions** (`tuple(torch.FloatTensor)`, *optional*, returned when `output_attentions=True` is passed or when `config.output_attentions=True`) -- Tuple of `torch.FloatTensor` (one for each layer) of shape `(batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length)`. Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention heads. The [ViTModel](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/model_doc/vit#transformers.ViTModel) forward method, overrides the `__call__` special method. Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the `Module` instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the pre and post processing steps while the latter silently ignores them. Example: ```python ``` **Parameters:** config ([ViTConfig](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/model_doc/vit#transformers.ViTConfig)) : Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model. Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the configuration. Check out the [from_pretrained()](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/main_classes/model#transformers.PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained) method to load the model weights. add_pooling_layer (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`) : Whether to add a pooling layer use_mask_token (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `False`) : Whether to use a mask token for masked image modeling. **Returns:** `[transformers.modeling_outputs.BaseModelOutputWithPooling](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/main_classes/output#transformers.modeling_outputs.BaseModelOutputWithPooling) or `tuple(torch.FloatTensor)`` A [transformers.modeling_outputs.BaseModelOutputWithPooling](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/main_classes/output#transformers.modeling_outputs.BaseModelOutputWithPooling) or a tuple of `torch.FloatTensor` (if `return_dict=False` is passed or when `config.return_dict=False`) comprising various elements depending on the configuration ([ViTConfig](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/model_doc/vit#transformers.ViTConfig)) and inputs. - **last_hidden_state** (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size)`) -- Sequence of hidden-states at the output of the last layer of the model. - **pooler_output** (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, hidden_size)`) -- Last layer hidden-state of the first token of the sequence (classification token) after further processing through the layers used for the auxiliary pretraining task. E.g. for BERT-family of models, this returns the classification token after processing through a linear layer and a tanh activation function. The linear layer weights are trained from the next sentence prediction (classification) objective during pretraining. - **hidden_states** (`tuple(torch.FloatTensor)`, *optional*, returned when `output_hidden_states=True` is passed or when `config.output_hidden_states=True`) -- Tuple of `torch.FloatTensor` (one for the output of the embeddings, if the model has an embedding layer, + one for the output of each layer) of shape `(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size)`. Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the optional initial embedding outputs. - **attentions** (`tuple(torch.FloatTensor)`, *optional*, returned when `output_attentions=True` is passed or when `config.output_attentions=True`) -- Tuple of `torch.FloatTensor` (one for each layer) of shape `(batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length)`. Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention heads. ## ViTForMaskedImageModeling[[transformers.ViTForMaskedImageModeling]] #### transformers.ViTForMaskedImageModeling[[transformers.ViTForMaskedImageModeling]] [Source](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/blob/v5.2.0/src/transformers/models/vit/modeling_vit.py#L471) ViT Model with a decoder on top for masked image modeling, as proposed in [SimMIM](https://huggingface.co/papers/2111.09886). Note that we provide a script to pre-train this model on custom data in our [examples directory](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/main/examples/pytorch/image-pretraining). This model inherits from [PreTrainedModel](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/main_classes/model#transformers.PreTrainedModel). Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads etc.) This model is also a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass. Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage and behavior. forwardtransformers.ViTForMaskedImageModeling.forwardhttps://github.com/huggingface/transformers/blob/v5.2.0/src/transformers/models/vit/modeling_vit.py#L489[{"name": "pixel_values", "val": ": torch.Tensor | None = None"}, {"name": "bool_masked_pos", "val": ": torch.BoolTensor | None = None"}, {"name": "interpolate_pos_encoding", "val": ": bool | None = None"}, {"name": "**kwargs", "val": ": typing_extensions.Unpack[transformers.utils.generic.TransformersKwargs]"}]- **pixel_values** (`torch.Tensor` of shape `(batch_size, num_channels, image_size, image_size)`, *optional*) -- The tensors corresponding to the input images. Pixel values can be obtained using [ViTImageProcessorFast](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/model_doc/vit#transformers.ViTImageProcessorFast). See [ViTImageProcessorFast.__call__()](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/model_doc/fuyu#transformers.FuyuImageProcessor.__call__) for details (`processor_class` uses [ViTImageProcessorFast](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/model_doc/vit#transformers.ViTImageProcessorFast) for processing images). - **bool_masked_pos** (`torch.BoolTensor` of shape `(batch_size, num_patches)`) -- Boolean masked positions. Indicates which patches are masked (1) and which aren't (0). - **interpolate_pos_encoding** (`bool`, *optional*) -- Whether to interpolate the pre-trained position encodings.0`transformers.modeling_outputs.MaskedImageModelingOutput` or `tuple(torch.FloatTensor)`A `transformers.modeling_outputs.MaskedImageModelingOutput` or a tuple of `torch.FloatTensor` (if `return_dict=False` is passed or when `config.return_dict=False`) comprising various elements depending on the configuration ([ViTConfig](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/model_doc/vit#transformers.ViTConfig)) and inputs. - **loss** (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(1,)`, *optional*, returned when `bool_masked_pos` is provided) -- Reconstruction loss. - **reconstruction** (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, num_channels, height, width)`) -- Reconstructed / completed images. - **hidden_states** (`tuple(torch.FloatTensor)`, *optional*, returned when `output_hidden_states=True` is passed or - **when** `config.output_hidden_states=True`) -- Tuple of `torch.FloatTensor` (one for the output of the embeddings, if the model has an embedding layer, + one for the output of each stage) of shape `(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size)`. Hidden-states (also called feature maps) of the model at the output of each stage. - **attentions** (`tuple(torch.FloatTensor)`, *optional*, returned when `output_attentions=True` is passed or when - **`config.output_attentions=True`):** Tuple of `torch.FloatTensor` (one for each layer) of shape `(batch_size, num_heads, patch_size, sequence_length)`. Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention heads. The [ViTForMaskedImageModeling](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/model_doc/vit#transformers.ViTForMaskedImageModeling) forward method, overrides the `__call__` special method. Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the `Module` instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the pre and post processing steps while the latter silently ignores them. Examples: ```python >>> from transformers import AutoImageProcessor, ViTForMaskedImageModeling >>> import torch >>> from PIL import Image >>> import httpx >>> from io import BytesIO >>> url = "http://images.cocodataset.org/val2017/000000039769.jpg" >>> with httpx.stream("GET", url) as response: ... image = Image.open(BytesIO(response.read())) >>> image_processor = AutoImageProcessor.from_pretrained("google/vit-base-patch16-224-in21k") >>> model = ViTForMaskedImageModeling.from_pretrained("google/vit-base-patch16-224-in21k") >>> num_patches = (model.config.image_size // model.config.patch_size) ** 2 >>> pixel_values = image_processor(images=image, return_tensors="pt").pixel_values >>> # create random boolean mask of shape (batch_size, num_patches) >>> bool_masked_pos = torch.randint(low=0, high=2, size=(1, num_patches)).bool() >>> outputs = model(pixel_values, bool_masked_pos=bool_masked_pos) >>> loss, reconstructed_pixel_values = outputs.loss, outputs.reconstruction >>> list(reconstructed_pixel_values.shape) [1, 3, 224, 224] ``` **Parameters:** config ([ViTConfig](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/model_doc/vit#transformers.ViTConfig)) : Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model. Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the configuration. Check out the [from_pretrained()](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/main_classes/model#transformers.PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained) method to load the model weights. **Returns:** ``transformers.modeling_outputs.MaskedImageModelingOutput` or `tuple(torch.FloatTensor)`` A `transformers.modeling_outputs.MaskedImageModelingOutput` or a tuple of `torch.FloatTensor` (if `return_dict=False` is passed or when `config.return_dict=False`) comprising various elements depending on the configuration ([ViTConfig](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/model_doc/vit#transformers.ViTConfig)) and inputs. - **loss** (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(1,)`, *optional*, returned when `bool_masked_pos` is provided) -- Reconstruction loss. - **reconstruction** (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, num_channels, height, width)`) -- Reconstructed / completed images. - **hidden_states** (`tuple(torch.FloatTensor)`, *optional*, returned when `output_hidden_states=True` is passed or - **when** `config.output_hidden_states=True`) -- Tuple of `torch.FloatTensor` (one for the output of the embeddings, if the model has an embedding layer, + one for the output of each stage) of shape `(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size)`. Hidden-states (also called feature maps) of the model at the output of each stage. - **attentions** (`tuple(torch.FloatTensor)`, *optional*, returned when `output_attentions=True` is passed or when - **`config.output_attentions=True`):** Tuple of `torch.FloatTensor` (one for each layer) of shape `(batch_size, num_heads, patch_size, sequence_length)`. Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention heads. ## ViTForImageClassification[[transformers.ViTForImageClassification]] #### transformers.ViTForImageClassification[[transformers.ViTForImageClassification]] [Source](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/blob/v5.2.0/src/transformers/models/vit/modeling_vit.py#L588) ViT Model transformer with an image classification head on top (a linear layer on top of the final hidden state of the [CLS] token) e.g. for ImageNet. Note that it's possible to fine-tune ViT on higher resolution images than the ones it has been trained on, by setting `interpolate_pos_encoding` to `True` in the forward of the model. This will interpolate the pre-trained position embeddings to the higher resolution. This model inherits from [PreTrainedModel](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/main_classes/model#transformers.PreTrainedModel). Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads etc.) This model is also a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass. Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage and behavior. forwardtransformers.ViTForImageClassification.forwardhttps://github.com/huggingface/transformers/blob/v5.2.0/src/transformers/models/vit/modeling_vit.py#L601[{"name": "pixel_values", "val": ": torch.Tensor | None = None"}, {"name": "labels", "val": ": torch.Tensor | None = None"}, {"name": "interpolate_pos_encoding", "val": ": bool | None = None"}, {"name": "**kwargs", "val": ": typing_extensions.Unpack[transformers.utils.generic.TransformersKwargs]"}]- **pixel_values** (`torch.Tensor` of shape `(batch_size, num_channels, image_size, image_size)`, *optional*) -- The tensors corresponding to the input images. Pixel values can be obtained using [ViTImageProcessorFast](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/model_doc/vit#transformers.ViTImageProcessorFast). See [ViTImageProcessorFast.__call__()](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/model_doc/fuyu#transformers.FuyuImageProcessor.__call__) for details (`processor_class` uses [ViTImageProcessorFast](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/model_doc/vit#transformers.ViTImageProcessorFast) for processing images). - **labels** (`torch.LongTensor` of shape `(batch_size,)`, *optional*) -- Labels for computing the image classification/regression loss. Indices should be in `[0, ..., config.num_labels - 1]`. If `config.num_labels == 1` a regression loss is computed (Mean-Square loss), If `config.num_labels > 1` a classification loss is computed (Cross-Entropy). - **interpolate_pos_encoding** (`bool`, *optional*) -- Whether to interpolate the pre-trained position encodings.0[transformers.modeling_outputs.ImageClassifierOutput](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/main_classes/output#transformers.modeling_outputs.ImageClassifierOutput) or `tuple(torch.FloatTensor)`A [transformers.modeling_outputs.ImageClassifierOutput](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/main_classes/output#transformers.modeling_outputs.ImageClassifierOutput) or a tuple of `torch.FloatTensor` (if `return_dict=False` is passed or when `config.return_dict=False`) comprising various elements depending on the configuration ([ViTConfig](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/model_doc/vit#transformers.ViTConfig)) and inputs. - **loss** (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(1,)`, *optional*, returned when `labels` is provided) -- Classification (or regression if config.num_labels==1) loss. - **logits** (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, config.num_labels)`) -- Classification (or regression if config.num_labels==1) scores (before SoftMax). - **hidden_states** (`tuple(torch.FloatTensor)`, *optional*, returned when `output_hidden_states=True` is passed or when `config.output_hidden_states=True`) -- Tuple of `torch.FloatTensor` (one for the output of the embeddings, if the model has an embedding layer, + one for the output of each stage) of shape `(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size)`. Hidden-states (also called feature maps) of the model at the output of each stage. - **attentions** (`tuple(torch.FloatTensor)`, *optional*, returned when `output_attentions=True` is passed or when `config.output_attentions=True`) -- Tuple of `torch.FloatTensor` (one for each layer) of shape `(batch_size, num_heads, patch_size, sequence_length)`. Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention heads. The [ViTForImageClassification](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/model_doc/vit#transformers.ViTForImageClassification) forward method, overrides the `__call__` special method. Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the `Module` instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the pre and post processing steps while the latter silently ignores them. Example: ```python >>> from transformers import AutoImageProcessor, ViTForImageClassification >>> import torch >>> from datasets import load_dataset >>> dataset = load_dataset("huggingface/cats-image") >>> image = dataset["test"]["image"][0] >>> image_processor = AutoImageProcessor.from_pretrained("google/vit-base-patch16-224") >>> model = ViTForImageClassification.from_pretrained("google/vit-base-patch16-224") >>> inputs = image_processor(image, return_tensors="pt") >>> with torch.no_grad(): ... logits = model(**inputs).logits >>> # model predicts one of the 1000 ImageNet classes >>> predicted_label = logits.argmax(-1).item() >>> print(model.config.id2label[predicted_label]) ... ``` **Parameters:** config ([ViTConfig](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/model_doc/vit#transformers.ViTConfig)) : Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model. Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the configuration. Check out the [from_pretrained()](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/main_classes/model#transformers.PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained) method to load the model weights. **Returns:** `[transformers.modeling_outputs.ImageClassifierOutput](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/main_classes/output#transformers.modeling_outputs.ImageClassifierOutput) or `tuple(torch.FloatTensor)`` A [transformers.modeling_outputs.ImageClassifierOutput](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/main_classes/output#transformers.modeling_outputs.ImageClassifierOutput) or a tuple of `torch.FloatTensor` (if `return_dict=False` is passed or when `config.return_dict=False`) comprising various elements depending on the configuration ([ViTConfig](/docs/transformers/v5.2.0/en/model_doc/vit#transformers.ViTConfig)) and inputs. - **loss** (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(1,)`, *optional*, returned when `labels` is provided) -- Classification (or regression if config.num_labels==1) loss. - **logits** (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, config.num_labels)`) -- Classification (or regression if config.num_labels==1) scores (before SoftMax). - **hidden_states** (`tuple(torch.FloatTensor)`, *optional*, returned when `output_hidden_states=True` is passed or when `config.output_hidden_states=True`) -- Tuple of `torch.FloatTensor` (one for the output of the embeddings, if the model has an embedding layer, + one for the output of each stage) of shape `(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size)`. Hidden-states (also called feature maps) of the model at the output of each stage. - **attentions** (`tuple(torch.FloatTensor)`, *optional*, returned when `output_attentions=True` is passed or when `config.output_attentions=True`) -- Tuple of `torch.FloatTensor` (one for each layer) of shape `(batch_size, num_heads, patch_size, sequence_length)`. Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention heads.