id stringlengths 24 24 | type stringclasses 4 values | body stringlengths 13 215 | ideal_answer listlengths 1 12 | exact_answer listlengths 0 44 | snippets listlengths 0 121 | documents listlengths 1 157 | triples listlengths 0 537 | concepts listlengths 0 99 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
55031181e9bde69634000014 | summary | Is Hirschsprung disease a mendelian or a multifactorial disorder? | [
"Coding sequence mutations in RET, GDNF, EDNRB, EDN3, and SOX10 are involved in the development of Hirschsprung disease. The majority of these genes was shown to be related to Mendelian syndromic forms of Hirschsprung's disease, whereas the non-Mendelian inheritance of sporadic non-syndromic Hirschsprung disease pr... | [] | [
"Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) is a multifactorial, non-mendelian disorder in which rare high-penetrance coding sequence mutations in the receptor tyrosine kinase RET contribute to risk in combination with mutations at other genes",
"In this study, we review the identification of genes and loci involved in the non-... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15829955",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6650562",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12239580",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21995290",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23001136",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15617541",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:10487",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D006627",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D020412",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:11372"
] |
55046d5ff8aee20f27000007 | list | List signaling molecules (ligands) that interact with the receptor EGFR? | [
"The 7 known EGFR ligands are: epidermal growth factor (EGF), betacellulin (BTC), epiregulin (EPR), heparin-binding EGF (HB-EGF), transforming growth factor-α [TGF-α], amphiregulin (AREG) and epigen (EPG)."
] | [
"epidermal growth factor",
"betacellulin",
"epiregulin",
"heparin-binding epidermal growth factor",
"transforming growth factor-α",
"amphiregulin",
"epigen"
] | [
"the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ligands, such as epidermal growth factor (EGF) and amphiregulin (AREG)",
" EGFR ligands epidermal growth factor (EGF), amphiregulin (AREG) and transforming growth factor alpha (TGFα)",
" EGFR and its ligand EGF ",
"Among EGFR ligands, heparin-binding EGF-like growt... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23959273",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21514161",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23787814",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23888072",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23821377",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24124521",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
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"o": "Egfr... | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0005154",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0007176",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0005488",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0042058",
"htt... |
54e25eaaae9738404b000017 | yesno | Is the protein Papilin secreted? | [
"Yes, papilin is a secreted protein"
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Using expression analysis, we identify three genes that are transcriptionally regulated by HLH-2: the protocadherin cdh-3, and two genes encoding secreted extracellular matrix proteins, mig-6/papilin and him-4/hemicentin. ",
"We found that mig-6 encodes long (MIG-6L) and short (MIG-6S) isoforms of the extracellu... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3320045",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7515725",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20805556",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19297413",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19724244",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15094122",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih... | [] | [] |
535d292a9a4572de6f000003 | yesno | Are long non coding RNAs spliced? | [
"Long non coding RNAs appear to be spliced through the same pathway as the mRNAs"
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Our analyses indicate that lncRNAs are generated through pathways similar to that of protein-coding genes, with similar histone-modification profiles, splicing signals, and exon/intron lengths.",
"For alternative exons and long noncoding RNAs, splicing tends to occur later, and the latter might remain unspliced ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22955988",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22955974",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24285305",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22707570",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21622663",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24106460"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012326",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D062085"
] |
55262a9787ecba3764000009 | yesno | Is RANKL secreted from the cells? | [
"Receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) is a cytokine predominantly secreted by osteoblasts."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is a soluble secreted factor that acts as a decoy receptor for receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) ",
"Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is a secreted glycoprotein and a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily. It usually functions in bone remodeling, by inhibiting osteoclastoge... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22948539",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23698708",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23827649",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22901753",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21618594",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23835909",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TNF11_RAT",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D015870",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TNF11_HUMAN"
] |
51406e6223fec90375000009 | yesno | Does metformin interfere thyroxine absorption? | [
"There are not reported data indicating that metformin interferes with thyroxine absorption"
] | [
"no"
] | [] | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23264396",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21633823",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23554450",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23244059",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21041167",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21748540",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013974",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D008687",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D000042"
] |
553fa78b1d53b76422000007 | list | Which miRNAs could be used as potential biomarkers for epithelial ovarian cancer? | [
"miR-200a, miR-100, miR-141, miR-200b, miR-200c, miR-203, miR-510, miR-509-5p, miR-132, miR-26a, let-7b, miR-145, miR-182, miR-152, miR-148a, let-7a, let-7i, miR-21, miR-92 and miR-93 could be used as potential biomarkers for epithelial ovarian cancer."
] | [
"let-7a",
"let-7b",
"let-7i",
"miR-21",
"miR-26a",
"miR-92",
"miR-93",
"miR-100",
"miR-132",
"miR-141",
"miR-145",
"miR-148a",
"miR-152",
"miR-182",
"miR-200a",
"miR-200b",
"miR-200c",
"miR-203",
"miR-509-5p",
"miR-510"
] | [
"Finally, five promising differentially miRNAs (miR-200a, miR-100, miR-141, miR-200b, and miR-200c) were reported with the consistent direction in four or more studies. MiR-200a, miR-200b, miR-200c, and miR-141, all of them belong to miR-200 family, were reported with consistently up-regulated in at least 4 studies... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21345725",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22246341",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23888941",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23836287",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23542579",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23978303",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D035683",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D015415",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D010051",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/a... |
5149199dd24251bc05000040 | list | Which acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are used for treatment of myasthenia gravis? | [
"Pyridostigmine and neostygmine are acetylcholinesterase inhibitors that are used as first-line therapy for symptomatic treatment of myasthenia gravis. Pyridostigmine is the most widely used acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. Extended release pyridotsygmine and novel acetylcholinesterase inhibitors inhibitors with ora... | [
"neostigmine",
"pyridostigmine"
] | [
"Pyridostigmine is the most widely used acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.",
"For more than 50 years the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor pyridostigmine bromide has been the drug of choice in the symptomatic therapy for myasthenia gravis. ",
"The switch to SR-Pyr ameliorated the total quantified myasthenia gravis (Q... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21815707",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21845054",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21328290",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20663605",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21133188",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15610702"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D000110",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D009157",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:437",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exa... |
52bf1db603868f1b06000011 | yesno | Has Denosumab (Prolia) been approved by FDA? | [
"Yes, Denosumab was approved by the FDA in 2010."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Denosumab is a RANK-ligand antibody that was approved by the FDA in 2010 for the prevention of skeletal fractures in patients with bone metastases from solid tumors.",
" The authors present the imaging findings and technical report of an attempted percutaneous vertebroplasty in the only patient found to be activ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24126422",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22826702",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23759273",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21785279",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21113693",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21129866",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
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"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A18043383",
"o": "FDA Structured Product Labels"
},
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"p": "http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#altLabel",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/id/C1690432",
"o": "http://linkedl... | [
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4268082"
] |
5709e4b2cf1c32585100001c | list | List the human genes encoding for the dishevelled proteins? | [
"DVL-1\nDVL-2\nDVL-3"
] | [
"DVL-1",
"DVL-2",
"DVL-3"
] | [
"Dishevelled (Dvl/Dsh) is a multi-module protein and a key regulator of both the canonical Wnt and the PCP pathway. In mouse, all Dvl1(-/-) ; Dvl2(-/-) double mutants display craniorachischisis, a severe form of open NTDs. ",
" In this study, we explore the cause of HSCR by studying the expression of DVL-1 and DV... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12883684",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24040443",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19618470",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8817329",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8856345",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23836490",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih... | [] | [] |
56bc751eac7ad10019000013 | factoid | Name synonym of Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica. | [
"Acrokeratosis paraneoplastic (Bazex syndrome) is a rare, but distinctive paraneoplastic dermatosis characterized by erythematosquamous lesions located at the acral sites and is most commonly associated with carcinomas of the upper aerodigestive tract."
] | [
"Bazex syndrome"
] | [
"Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica of Bazex is a rare but important paraneoplastic dermatosis, usually manifesting as psoriasiform rashes over the acral sites.",
"[Paraneoplastic palmoplantar hyperkeratosis. Minor form of acrokeratosis neoplastica Bazex?].",
"Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica Bazex is a rare, obligate ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3819049",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18775590",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22146896",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6225397",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18672707",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7796616",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.... | [] | [] |
54d4e03a3706e89528000001 | list | Which are the classes of anti-arrhythmic drugs according to Vaughan-Williams classification? | [
"Antiarrhythmic drugs can be divided into four Vaughan Williams classes (I-IV). Class I antiarrhythmic agents have as a common action, blockade of the sodium channels. Class II agents are antisympathetic drugs, particularly the beta-adrenoceptor blockers. Class-III antiarrhythmics have as a common action the potass... | [
"Class I: sodium channel blockers",
"ClassII: beta blockers",
"Class III: potassium channel blockers",
"Class IV: calcium channel blockers"
] | [
"Class II agents are antisympathetic drugs, particularly the beta-adrenoceptor blockers",
"Class III antiarrhythmic agents include sotalol and amiodarone.",
"Class IV antiarrhythmic drugs are the calcium channel blockers verapamil and diltiazem. ",
"Other agents which do not fall neatly into the Vaughan Willi... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9803978",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11564050",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1290288",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7875632",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10810787"
] | [] | [] |
55072c803b8a5dc045000001 | list | Which are the different isoforms of the mammalian Notch receptor? | [
"Notch signaling is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism, used to regulate cell fate decisions. Four Notch receptors have been identified in man: Notch-1, Notch-2, Notch-3 and Notch-4."
] | [
"Notch-1",
"Notch-2",
"Notch-3",
"Notch-4"
] | [
"Here, we investigate protein interactions between NOTCH3 and other vascular Notch isoforms and characterize the effects of elevated NOTCH3 on smooth muscle gene regulation. We demonstrate that NOTCH3 forms heterodimers with NOTCH1, NOTCH3, and NOTCH4.",
"We conclude that CADASIL mutants of NOTCH3 complex with NO... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23028706",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21639801",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11532344",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22842086",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21356309",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11732008",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
53061af558348c0f52000002 | list | Which are the major characteristics of cellular senescence? | [
"The defining characteristics of cellular senescence are altered morphology, arrested cell-cycle progression, development of aberrant gene expression with proinflammatory behavior, and telomere shortening."
] | [
"altered morphology",
"arrested cell-cycle progression",
"development of aberrant gene expression with proinflammatory behavior",
"telomere shortening"
] | [
"Cellular senescence is recognized as a critical cellular response to prolonged rounds of replication and environmental stresses. Its defining characteristics are arrested cell-cycle progression and the development of aberrant gene expression with proinflammatory behavior.",
"telomeres are the central timing mech... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9624027",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18976161",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8824885"
] | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0090398",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016922",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:2000772",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:... |
56c1f01def6e394741000045 | factoid | Orteronel was developed for treatment of which cancer? | [
"Orteronel was developed for treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer."
] | [
"castration-resistant prostate cancer"
] | [
"Pooled-analysis was also performed, to assess the effectiveness of agents targeting the androgen axis via identical mechanisms of action (abiraterone acetate, orteronel).",
"The experimental interventions tested in these studies were enzalutamide, ipilimumab, abiraterone acetate, orteronel and cabazitaxel. ",
... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24799061",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24418642",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25537627",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25701170",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25624429",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25264242",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:162"
] |
5313b049e3eabad021000013 | yesno | Is the monoclonal antibody Trastuzumab (Herceptin) of potential use in the treatment of prostate cancer? | [
"Although is still controversial, Trastuzumab (Herceptin) can be of potential use in the treatment of prostate cancer overexpressing HER2, either alone or in combination with other drugs."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Herceptin is widely used in treating Her2-overexpressing breast cancer. However, the application of Herceptin in prostate cancer is still controversial.",
"Our data demonstrate that Re-188-labeled Herceptin effectively inhibited the growth of DU145 cells compared to the Herceptin- and Re-188-treated cohorts. Thi... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23294030",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10473102",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11786427",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17210707",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21364123",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12173324",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4002084",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:10283"
] |
54d643023706e89528000007 | factoid | Which is the protein that is encoded by the gene GLT8D1? | [
"The GLT8D1 gene codes for the protein named glycosyltransferase 8 domain containing 1"
] | [
"glycosyltransferase 8 domain containing 1"
] | [] | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24114764",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24373612"
] | [
{
"p": "http://purl.uniprot.org/core/encodedBy",
"s": "http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/C9JY96",
"o": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/#_43394A593936009"
},
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"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#prefLabel",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/#_43394A593936009",
"o": "GLT8D1... | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0016757",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/GL8D1_DANRE",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016695",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/GL8D1_BOVIN"
] |
53137541e3eabad021000010 | list | Which are the Yamanaka factors? | [
"The Yamanaka factors are the OCT4, SOX2, MYC, and KLF4 transcription factors"
] | [
"OCT4",
"Oct3/4",
"Pou5f1",
"SOX2",
"MYC",
"c-MYC",
"KLF4"
] | [
"Yamanaka factors (OCT4, SOX2, MYC, and KLF4",
"Yamanaka factors' (Oct4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc)",
"Yamanaka factors (Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc) ",
"Yamanaka factors (c-myc, KLF4, Oct3/4 and SOX2)",
"Yamanaka factors (i.e., Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc) ",
"Yamanaka factors (Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc)"... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23658991",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21839145",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23612755",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21761058",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23939864",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24150221",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
515aa0abd24251bc050000a8 | summary | What is the aim of the Human Chromosome-centric Proteome Project (C-HPP)? | [
"The chromosome-centric human proteome project aims to systematically map all human proteins, chromosome by chromosome, in a gene-centric manner through dedicated efforts from national and international teams",
"The Chromosome-Centric Human Proteome Project (C-HPP) is an international effort for creating an annot... | [] | [
"The Chromosome-Centric Human Proteome Project (C-HPP) is an international effort for creating an annotated proteomic catalog for each chromosome",
"The chromosome-centric human proteome project aims to systematically map all human proteins, chromosome by chromosome, in a gene-centric manner through dedicated eff... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23312004",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23253012",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23252913",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22966780",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23249167",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23259496",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D006801",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D020543",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002875",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
56af9f130a360a5e45000015 | factoid | Where is the protein Pannexin1 located? | [
"The protein Pannexin1 is localized to the plasma membranes."
] | [
"plasma membrane"
] | [
"zfPanx1 was identified on the surface of horizontal cell dendrites invaginating deeply into the cone pedicle near the glutamate release sites of the cones, providing in vivo evidence for hemichannel formation at that location.",
"pannexin1, a vertebrate homolog of invertebrate gap junction proteins.",
"The spe... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24642372",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25056878",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24694658",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25698922",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17064878",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24782784",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A17397470",
"o": "C544702"
},
{
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"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/id/C2743999",
"o": "http://linkedlifedata.co... | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0051179"
] |
5718bbb37de986d80d00000b | list | Which currently known mitochondrial diseases have been attributed to POLG mutations? | [
"Mutations in the POLG gene have emerged as one of the most common causes of inherited mitochondrial disease in children and adults. They are responsible for a heterogeneous group of at least 6 major phenotypes of neurodegenerative disease that include: 1) childhood Myocerebrohepatopathy Spectrum disorders (MCHS), ... | [
"childhood Myocerebrohepatopathy Spectrum disorders (MCHS)",
"Alpers syndrome",
"Ataxia Neuropathy Spectrum (ANS) disorders",
"Myoclonus Epilepsy Myopathy Sensory Ataxia (MEMSA)",
"autosomal recessive Progressive External Ophthalmoplegia (arPEO)",
"autosomal dominant Progressive External Ophthalmoplegia (... | [
"Mutations in the POLG gene have emerged as one of the most common causes of inherited mitochondrial disease in children and adults. They are responsible for a heterogeneous group of at least 6 major phenotypes of neurodegenerative disease that include: 1) childhood Myocerebrohepatopathy Spectrum disorders (MCHS), ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18546365",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12825077",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22647225",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15351195",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20927567"
] | [] | [] |
532f062ad6d3ac6a34000027 | summary | What is the effect of ivabradine in heart failure after myocardial infarction? | [
"Ιvabradine decreases heart rate and reduces myocardial oxygen demand, increases diastolic perfusion time and improves energetics in ischemic myocardium. Ivabradine protects the myocardium during ischemia, improves left ventricular function in heart failure and reduces remodeling following myocardial infarction. It... | [] | [
"Ivabradine may be important for the improvement of clinical outcomes in patients with LV systolic dysfunction and heart rate ≥ 70 b.p.m., whatever the primary clinical presentation (CAD or HF) or clinical status (NYHA class).",
"Treatment with ivabradine was associated with a 13% relative risk reduction for the ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21838751",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19074674",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18310678",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23067195",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18757088",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20000882",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4266225",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D009203",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D054143"
] |
52bf1b0a03868f1b06000009 | factoid | What is the mode of inheritance of Wilson's disease? | [
"Wilson's disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive disorder."
] | [
"autosomal recessive"
] | [
"The disease has an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance, and is characterized by excessive copper deposition, predominantly in the liver and brain.",
" The inheritance is autosomal recessive. ",
"Wilson's disease (WD), or hepatolenticular degeneration, is an autosomal recessive inheritance disorder of coppe... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/838566",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12152840",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20662462",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16932613",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1248830",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22610954",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.... | [
{
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"s": "http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/diseasome/resource/diseases/4181",
"o": "http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/diseasome/resource/diseases/1198"
},
{
"p": "http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/diseasome/resource/d... | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:4",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:893",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=diseases_category",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D006527",
"h... |
517395b98ed59a060a00001a | yesno | Are transcription and splicing connected? | [
"Yes. There is strong evidence that splicing and transcription are intimately coupled in metazoans, with genome wide surveys show that most splicing occurs during transcription. Chromatin structure, RNA polymerase dynamics, and recruitment of splicing factors through the transcriptional machinery are factors that ... | [
"yes"
] | [
", as splicing is often cotranscriptional, a complex picture emerges in which splicing regulation not only depends on the balance of splicing factor binding to their pre-mRNA target sites but also on transcription-associated features such as protein recruitment to the transcribing machinery and elongation kinetics.... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20808788",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23074139",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23097425",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17189193",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21964334",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16921380",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
52bf19c503868f1b06000001 | factoid | What is the mode of inheritance of Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD)? | [
"Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy has an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern."
] | [
"autosomal dominant"
] | [
"autosomal dominant FSHD1",
"Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is a neuromuscular disease, characterized by an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance, facial involvement, and selectivity and asymmetry of muscle involvement.",
"Facioscapulohumeral dystrophy (FSHD) is an autosomal-dominant disorder ch... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10487912",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15307599",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10969520",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19248726",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10864616",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7739631",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D040582",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D014918"
] |
54db1d580f63c58e6e000005 | yesno | Is Alu hypomethylation associated with breast cancer? | [
"Yes, Alu elements were found to be hypomethylated in breast cancer, especially in the HER2-enriched subtype. Furthermore, Alu hypomethylation was identified as a late event during breast cancer progression, and in invasive breast cancer, tended to be associated with negative estrogen receptor status and poor disea... | [
"yes"
] | [
"Alu and LINE-1 hypomethylation is associated with HER2 enriched subtype of breast cancer",
"In IBC, Alu hypomethylation correlated with negative estrogen receptor (ER) status",
"In survival analyses, low Alu methylation status tended to be associated with poor disease-free survival of the patients.",
"Alu hy... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20682973",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24971511"
] | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:1612"
] |
54f9d3eedd3fc62544000004 | list | Which proteins participate in the formation of the ryanodine receptor quaternary macromolecular complex? | [
"Junctin is a major transmembrane protein in cardiac junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum, which forms a quaternary complex with the ryanodine receptor (Ca(2+) release channel), triadin, and calsequestrin. ",
"Calsequestrin (CSQ) is a Ca(2+) storage protein that interacts with triadin (TRN), the ryanodine receptor... | [
"Ryanodine receptor",
"RyR",
"Calsequestrin",
"CASQ",
"CSQ",
"Triadin",
"TrD",
"TRN",
"Junctin",
"JCN",
"JnC",
"JUN"
] | [
"Calsequestrin (CSQ) is a Ca(2+) storage protein that interacts with triadin (TRN), the ryanodine receptor (RyR), and junctin (JUN) to form a macromolecular tetrameric Ca(2+) signaling complex in the cardiac junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR).",
"The decrease of CASQ2 is associated with a reduction in the lev... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12909320",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11069905",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15205169",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22298808",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22025663",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18620751",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0065003",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D020836",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D019837"
] |
5505edac8e1671127b000005 | factoid | What kind of chromatography is HILIC? | [
"Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography (HILIC)"
] | [
"Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography"
] | [
"hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HILIC LC-MS/MS) method",
"Hydrophilic-interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) is a widely used technique for small polar molecule analysis ",
"hydrophilic-interaction LC (HILIC)",
"A hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-tandem... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21737084",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23217321",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22946920",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23073287",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21238772",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21316059"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002845"
] |
5160193d298dcd4e51000039 | summary | What is the effect of TRH on myocardial contractility? | [
"TRH improves myocardial contractility"
] | [] | [
"Acute intravenous administration of TRH to rats with ischemic cardiomyopathy caused a significant increase in heart rate, mean arterial pressure, cardiac output, stroke volume, and cardiac contractility",
"TRH can enhance cardiomyocyte contractility in vivo.",
"TRH in the range of 0.1-10 mumol/l was found to e... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9225129",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1979356",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9088928",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15096458",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2848686",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1611701"
] | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0008437",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D003285",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TRFR_MOUSE",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TRFR_CHICK",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:11... |
51593dc8d24251bc05000099 | yesno | Proteomic analyses need prior knowledge of the organism complete genome. Is the complete genome of the bacteria of the genus Arthrobacter available? | [
"Yes, the complete genome sequence of Arthrobacter (two strains) is deposited in GenBank."
] | [
"yes"
] | [] | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21677849",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23039946"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D001173",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016678"
] |
56e2cec751531f7e33000015 | factoid | What is the structural fold of bromodomain proteins? | [
"The structure fold of the bromodomains is an all-alpha-helical fold, which includes a left-handed four-helix bundle topology, with two short additional helices in a long connecting loop."
] | [
"All-alpha-helical fold"
] | [
"These new studies also support the notion that functional diversity of a conserved bromodomain structural fold is achieved by evolutionary changes of structurally flexible amino-acid sequences in the ligand binding site such as the ZA and BC loops.",
"Although the overall fold resembles the bromodomains from oth... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17498659",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10365964",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17694091",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10827952",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17148447",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17582821",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D011506"
] |
515deafd298dcd4e51000025 | list | List the endoscopic diagnoses that have been reported in children with autism | [
"Endoscopic examinations in autistic children have been reported to show : I or II reflux esophagitis, Achalasia, chronic gastritis and chronic duodenitis, mild acute and chronic inflammation of the small bowel and colorectum and Ileo-colonic lymphoid nodular hyperplasia (LNH). \nThe number of Paneth's cells in ... | [
"Reflux esophagitis",
"Achalasia",
"chronic gastritis",
"chronic duodenitis",
"inflammation of the small bowel and colorectum",
"Ileo-colonic lymphoid nodular hyperplasia (LNH)"
] | [
"Autism and esophageal achalasia in childhood: a possible correlation?",
"In the last case, a 15-year-old male underwent barium swallow and endoscopy that confirmed achalasia.",
"Intestinal mucosal pathology, characterized by ileo-colonic lymphoid nodular hyperplasia (LNH) and mild acute and chronic inflammatio... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11007230",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22607127",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16003132",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9585670",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10547242",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12907332"
] | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:12849",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D001321",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016099",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+E... |
532624ae600967d132000005 | summary | What are the outcomes of Renal sympathetic denervation? | [
"Significant decreases and progressively higher reductions of systolic and diastolic blood pressure were observed after RSD. The complication rate was minimal.\nRenal sympathetic denervation also reduces heart rate, which is a surrogate marker of cardiovascular risk."
] | [] | [
"Significant decreases and progressively higher reductions of systolic and diastolic blood pressure were observed after RSD. The complication rate was minimal. ",
"In conclusion, the RSD presents itself as an effective and safe approach to resistant hypertension.",
"Renal sympathetic denervation delivers not on... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21247927",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22573363",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23176687",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23541665",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23774592",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24029963",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
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"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A0121834",
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"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/id/C0039038",
"o": "http://linkedlifedata.co... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013563",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013562",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D003714",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
5518e7da622b194345000004 | factoid | Which MAP kinase phosphorylates the transcription factor c-jun? | [
"c-Jun is phosphorylated by c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK).",
"An in vitro kinase assay revealed that c-Jun phosphorylation is primarily mediated via activated c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK)."
] | [
"c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase",
"JNK"
] | [
" c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK)",
" c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family ",
"-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)",
"activated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)",
"-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways",
" c-Jun N-terminal ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24113186",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24300195",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24272171",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24291243",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24252081",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15228586",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0007257",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0007258",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016755"
] |
530a5117970c65fa6b000007 | factoid | What is the meaning of the acronym "TAILS" used in protein N-terminomics? | [
"TAILS stands for \"Terminal Amine Isotopic Labeling of Substrates\""
] | [
"TAILS: Terminal Amine Isotopic Labeling of Substrates"
] | [
". It is important to identify what proteins are substrates of proteases and where their cleavage sites are so as to reveal the molecular mechanisms and specificity of signaling. ",
"It is important to identify what proteins are substrates of proteases and where their cleavage sites are so as to reveal the molecu... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22577022",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23667905",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21604129",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20305284",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22367194"
] | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TERM_DROME",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D011506"
] |
56bf365eef6e39474100000e | yesno | Do mutations of AKT1 occur in meningiomas? | [
"Yes, AKT1 mutation occurs in meningiomas."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"The recent identification of somatic mutations in components of the SHH-GLI1 and AKT1-MTOR signaling pathways indicates the potential for cross talk of these pathways in the development of meningiomas.",
"A mutation in PIK3CA or AKT1 was found in around 9 % of the cases.",
"AKT1E17K mutations cluster with meni... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25146167",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23475883",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23348505",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23334667",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24096618",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25857641"
] | [] | [
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4264173",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:3565",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D009154",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D008579"
] |
52bf202003868f1b06000018 | list | What are the main indications of lacosamide? | [
"Lacosamide is an anti-epileptic drug, licensed for refractory partial-onset seizures. In addition to this, it has demonstrated analgesic activity in various animal models. Apart from this, LCM has demonstrated potent effects in animal models for a variety of CNS disorders like schizophrenia and stress induced anxi... | [
"epilepsy",
"refractory epilepsy",
"refractory partial-onset seizures",
"analgesic",
"CNS disorders"
] | [
"The current article presents a concise review of network theory and its application to the characterization of AED use in children with refractory epilepsy.",
"Furthermore, first generation AEDs were often discontinued, while lacosamide and topiramate were most likely to be initiated. ",
"Overall, there is com... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23288091",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17461888",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23648276",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20677583",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21861814",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21301338",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A16033679",
"o": "563KS2PQY5"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#altLabel",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/id/C0893761",
"o": "http://linkedlifedata.com/res... | [
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4267957"
] |
552fac4fbc4f83e828000006 | factoid | Which fusion protein is involved in the development of Ewing sarcoma? | [
"Ewing sarcoma is the second most common bone malignancy in children and young adults. In almost 95% of the cases, it is driven by oncogenic fusion protein EWS/FLI1, which acts as an aberrant transcription factor, that upregulates or downregulates target genes, leading to cellular transformation."
] | [
"EWS/FLI1"
] | [
"Ewing sarcoma is the second most common bone malignancy in children and young adults. It is driven by oncogenic fusion proteins (i.e. EWS/FLI1) acting as aberrant transcription factors that upregulate and downregulate target genes, leading to cellular transformation",
"EWS/FLI-1 oncoprotein subtypes impose diffe... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25432018",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21979944",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16206264",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18256529",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25162919",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19718047",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:3368",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:4980",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012512"
] |
56be0da3ef6e394741000007 | list | List Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Triad. | [
"Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is a clinical syndrome characterized by the triad of anaemia, thrombocytopenia, renal failure."
] | [
"anaemia",
"thrombocytopenia",
"renal failure"
] | [
"Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is a clinical syndrome characterized by the triad of thrombotic microangiopathy, thrombocytopenia, and acute kidney injury.",
"Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a rare disease characterized by the triad of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute r... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25011592",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24161037",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25765799",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8589282",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16387683",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20209841",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D006463",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:12554"
] |
5158644cd24251bc0500008e | yesno | Does physical activity influence gut hormones? | [
"Yes."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Increases in blood PYY(3-36) levels were dependent on the exercise intensity (effect of session: P<0.001 by two-way ANOVA), whereas those in GLP-1 levels were similar between two different exercise sessions.",
"A decrease in serum leptin levels (-48.4%, p < 0.001) was observed after intervention without changes ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2888163",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23402716",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18987287",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11321513",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21554896",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22619704",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D015444"
] |
515a7ffdd24251bc050000a5 | list | What are the effects of depleting protein km23-1 (DYNLRB1) in a cell? | [
"The knockdown of km23-1 results in numerous effects at the cellular level, such as decreased cell migration. Additionaly, km23-1 is involved in signalling pathways and its knockdown results in decreased RhoA activation, inhibition of TGFβ-mediated activation of ERK and JNK, phosphorylation of c-Jun, transactivatio... | [
"inhibition of cell migration of human colon carcinoma cells (HCCCs) in wound-healing assays",
"decreased RhoA activation",
"inhibition of TGFβ-mediated activation of ERK and JNK",
"phosphorylation of c-Jun",
"transactivation of the c-Jun promoter",
"decreased key TGFbeta responses"
] | [
"Finally, our results demonstrated for the first time that depletion of km23-1 inhibited cell migration of human colon carcinoma cells (HCCCs) in wound-healing assays. Overall, our findings demonstrate that km23-1 regulates RhoA and motility-associated actin modulating proteins, suggesting that km23-1 may represent... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15925487",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19711352",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23079622",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22637579",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17420258",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16778097",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#subject",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/#_41324156523900B",
"o": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/#_41324156523900A"
}
] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/DLRB1_HUMAN"
] |
54cf7051f693c3b16b000013 | factoid | Treatment of which disease was investigated in the MR CLEAN study? | [
"Multicenter Randomized CLinical trial of Endovascular treatment for Acute ischemic stroke in the Netherlands (MR CLEAN) study investigated endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke."
] | [
"acute ischemic stroke"
] | [
"INTRODUCTION: A recent randomized controlled trial (RCT), the Multicenter Randomized CLinical trial of Endovascular treatment for Acute ischemic stroke in the Netherlands (MR CLEAN), demonstrated better outcomes with endovascular treatment compared with medical therapy for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). ",
"INTROD... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25517348",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25432979",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25179366",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24330796"
] | [] | [] |
56a92be0a17756b72f000009 | list | Which factors activate zygotic gene expression during the maternal-to-zygotic transition in zebrafish? | [
"Nanog, Pou5f1 and SoxB1 activate zygotic gene expression during the maternal-to-zygotic transition. Maternal Nanog, Pou5f1 and SoxB1 are required to initiate the zygotic developmental program and induce clearance of the maternal program by activating miR-430 expression."
] | [
"Nanog",
"Pou5f1",
"SoxB1"
] | [
"Nanog, Pou5f1 and SoxB1 activate zygotic gene expression during the maternal-to-zygotic transition.",
"Our results demonstrate that maternal Nanog, Pou5f1 and SoxB1 are required to initiate the zygotic developmental program and induce clearance of the maternal program by activating miR-430 expression.",
"Here ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24056933"
] | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A0134867",
"o": "D015027"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A2030872",
"o": "D015027"
},
{
"p": "... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D015027",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D018507",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0010468",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact... |
54f08d4a94afd61504000016 | yesno | Is irritable bowel syndrome more common in women with endometriosis? | [
"Yes, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is more common in women with endometriosis. It has been shown that 15% of the patients with endometriosis also had IBS. Women with endometriosis are more likely to have received a diagnosis of IBS. Endometriosis may coexist with or be misdiagnosed as IBS."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"CONCLUSIONS: Comorbid pain syndromes, mood conditions and asthma are common in adolescents and young women with endometriosis.",
"There are many etiologies of pelvic pain that present with symptoms resembling those of endometriosis-associated pelvic pain that are not diagnosable with laparoscopy, such as interst... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15341718",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18478547",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14501624",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15605531",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21527837",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22096721",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:289",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:9778"
] |
54f49995d0d681a040000002 | summary | What is evaluated using the EORTC QLQ – INFO25 questionnaire? | [
"The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Group information questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-INFO 25) evaluates the level of information patients have received in different areas of their disease, treatment and care, and evaluates qualitative aspects together with satisfaction with inf... | [] | [
"The EORTC QLQ-INFO25 was used to evaluate the perceived level of and satisfaction with information. ",
"METHODS: The EORTC information questionnaire, EORTC QLQ-INFO25, was administered during the treatment process.",
"The EORTC information questionnaire, EORTC QLQ-INFO25. Validation study for Spanish patients.... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21680301",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24834120",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25475735",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21671697",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22052786",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20674333",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
531d2aa5267d7dd053000003 | yesno | Does BNP increase after intensive exercise in athletes? | [
"BNP and NTproBNP increase early after exercise in healthy athletes performing different types of sports. It is unknown the reason of this increase. The transient increases in BNP, NT-pro-BNP and troponin T are more likely to reflect myocardial stunning than cardiomyocyte damage."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"NT-pro-BNP was significantly elevated postexercise in both adults and adolescents and remained above baseline at 24 h in both groups.",
"NT-pro-BNP concentrations increased significantly (28 +/- 17.1 vs 795 +/- 823 ng x L, P < 0.05), whereas postrace cTnT were elevated in just five athletes (20%).",
"[NT-pro-B... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16338248",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22653984",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16125505",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17289431",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19092706",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14523304",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D054874",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ANFB_OREMO",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D056352",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term... |
56bf3a79ef6e39474100000f | summary | What is the association of estrogen replacement therapy and intracranial meningioma risk? | [
"The association between hormone replacement therapy and meningioma risk is controversial. Increased risk of meningioma was demonstrated in estrogen-only hormonal replacement therapy. However, other studies did not find an association between hormonal replacement therapy and meningioma risk."
] | [] | [
"The meta-analyses yielded significantly increased risks for all CNS tumors, glioma and meningioma in users of estrogen-only [1.35 (1.22-1.49), 1.23 (1.06-1.42) and 1.31 (1.20-1.43), respectively] but not estrogen-progestin HT [1.09 (0.99-1.19), 0.92 (0.78-1.08) and 1.05 (0.95-1.16), respectively]; these difference... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16570277",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22287638",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21067422",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20730482",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15006250",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24138870",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D015914",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D008579",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:3565"
] |
54fefff26ad7dcbc1200000b | yesno | Are there web based self management strategies for chronic pain ? | [
"Results suggest the potential value of self-management for chronic pain patients and the potential acceptability of web-based delivery of intervention content. ",
"Yes, there are successful web based self management strategies for chronic pain."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Fibromyalgia Symptom Reduction by Online Behavioral Self-monitoring, ",
"This study aimed to evaluate effects of a web-based, self-monitoring and symptom management system (SMARTLog) that analyzes personal self-monitoring data and delivers data-based feedback over time.",
"Moderate use (3 times weekly x 3 mont... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24251273",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23859438",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23768119",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23538392",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24067267"
] | [] | [] |
571f34ac0fd6f91b68000005 | yesno | Is Weaver syndrome similar to Sotos? | [
"Overgrowth conditions are a heterogeneous group of disorders characterised by increased growth and variable features, including macrocephaly, distinctive facial appearance and various degrees of learning difficulties and intellectual disability. Among them, Sotos and Weaver syndromes are clinically well defined an... | [
"yes"
] | [
"Overgrowth conditions are a heterogeneous group of disorders characterised by increased growth and variable features, including macrocephaly, distinctive facial appearance and various degrees of learning difficulties and intellectual disability. Among them, Sotos and Weaver syndromes are clinically well defined an... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9781911",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12807965",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23592277",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12464997",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22287508",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19011474",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [] |
54e0d1491388e8454a000014 | factoid | Which enzyme is targeted by Evolocumab? | [
"Evolocumab (AMG145) is a fully human monoclonal antibody to proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) that demonstrated marked reductions in plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations in statin-intolerant patients."
] | [
"proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9"
] | [
"Efficacy and safety profile of evolocumab (AMG145), an injectable inhibitor of the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9: the available clinical evidence.",
"AREAS COVERED: Evolocumab (AMG145) is a monoclonal antibody inhibiting the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 that binds to the liver LD... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24691094",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25410046",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25052769",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24661068",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24477778",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25079474",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
553a8d78f321868558000003 | yesno | Are ultraconserved elements often transcribed? | [
"Yes. Especially, a large fraction of non-exonic UCEs is transcribed across all developmental stages examined from only one DNA strand."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Starting from a genome-wide expression profiling, we demonstrate for the first time a functional link between oxygen deprivation and the modulation of long noncoding transcripts from ultraconserved regions, termed transcribed-ultraconserved regions (T-UCRs)",
"Our data gives a first glimpse of a novel functional... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24037088",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20202189",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24384562",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22328099",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19660540",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21187392",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
51404dd723fec90375000002 | factoid | What is the methyl donor of DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferases? | [
"S-adenosyl-L-methionine (AdoMet, SAM) is the methyl donor of DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferases. DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferases catalyze the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to the C-5 position of cytosine residues in DNA."
] | [
"S-adenosyl-L-methionine"
] | [
"The product of the dcm gene is the only DNA cytosine-C5 methyltransferase of Escherichia coli K-12; it catalyses transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) to the C-5 position of the inner cytosine residue of the cognate sequence CCA/TGG. ",
"Deoxycytosine methylase (Dcm) enzyme activity causes ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7578083",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8441638",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1584813",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11208790",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8065896",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15273274",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.g... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004248",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D019175",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0003886"
] |
552fa6f5bc4f83e828000002 | yesno | Is peripheral neuroepithelioma related to Ewing sarcoma? | [
"Experimental data support the concept that Ewing sarcoma and peripheral neuroepithelioma are both peripheral primitive neuroectodermal neoplasms, differing only in the extent of neuroectodermal phenotype and morphological differentiation."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"The term \"small round-cell tumor\" describes a group of highly aggressive malignant tumors composed of relatively small and monotonous undifferentiated cells with high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratios. This group includes Ewing's sarcoma (ES), peripheral neuroepithelioma (aka, primitive neuroectodermal tumor or extr... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8204006",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25303625",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3390826",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9825003",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7595741",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7513503",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.go... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:3369",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:3368",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:4388",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:4389",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term... |
56d0451c3975bb303a00000e | factoid | Which signaling pathway does sonidegib inhibit? | [
"Sonidegib is a Hedghog signalling pathway inhibitor."
] | [
"Hedghog signalling pathway"
] | [
"The association between Hh activation status and tumor response to the Hh pathway inhibitor sonidegib (LDE225) was analyzed.",
"Distinct molecular subgroups of medulloblastoma, including hedgehog (Hh) pathway-activated disease, have been reported. ",
"We assessed the antitumour activity of sonidegib, a Hedgeho... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24598114",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25981810",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24523439",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24613036",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25646180",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24817600",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
54ede8c594afd61504000009 | factoid | In which phase of the cell cycle arrest is impaired in Fanconi anemia? | [
"In response to damage induced by DNA cross-linking agents, the S-phase checkpoint is inefficient in Fanconi anemia (FA) cells, leading to accumulation of secondary lesions, such as single- and double-strand breaks and gaps. The prolonged time in G2 phase seen in FA cells therefore exists in order to allow the cell... | [
"In Fanconi anemia cells, the S-phase checkpoint is inefficient."
] | [
"We found that ICLs activate a branched pathway downstream of the ATR kinase: one branch depending on CHK1 activity and the other on the FANCs-RMN complex. The transient slow-down of DNA synthesis was abolished in cells lacking ATR, whereas CHK1-siRNA-treated cells, NBS1 or FA cells showed partial S-phase arrest",
... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11035915",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9414295",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14988723",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9650445",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11749045"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D051856",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0007050",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D059447",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field... |
56c3327c50c68dd41600000c | list | Which DNA sequences are more prone for the formation of R-loops? | [
"R-loops, transcriptionally-induced RNA:DNA hybrids, occurring at repeat tracts (CTG)n, (CAG)n, (CGG)n, (CCG)n and (GAA)n, are associated with diseases including myotonic dystrophy, Huntington's disease, fragile X and Friedreich's ataxia. Physiological R-loop formation at CpG island promoters can contribute to DNA... | [
"G-rich elements",
"CpG islands",
"(CTG)n, (CAG)n, (CGG)n, (CCG)n and (GAA)n"
] | [
"R-loops, transcriptionally-induced RNA:DNA hybrids, occurring at repeat tracts (CTG)n, (CAG)n, (CGG)n, (CCG)n and (GAA)n, are associated with diseases including myotonic dystrophy, Huntington's disease, fragile X and Friedreich's ataxia",
"Double-R-loop formation and processing to instability was extended to the... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16793409",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25147206",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24843019",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20080737",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15531884",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18986989",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
551c23bc6b348bb82c00000b | factoid | Mutation of which gene is implicated in the familial isolated pituitary adenoma? | [
"Mutation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor interacting protein (AIP) gene was implicated in the familial isolated pituitary adenoma (FIPA) syndrome. About 20% of the families with FIPA harbor inactivating mutation in AIP gene."
] | [
"aryl hydrocarbon receptor interacting protein"
] | [
"The cause of familial isolated pituitary adenomas (FIPA) remains unknown in a high percentage of cases, but the AIP gene plays an important role in the etiology. ",
"Familial isolated pituitary adenoma caused by a Aip gene mutation not described before in a family context.",
"We report a Spanish family with FI... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23743763",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24078436",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24050928",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20457215",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22915287",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17961654",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
5314a7a4dae131f847000003 | list | which mutations of troponin C gene have been found to cause hypertrophic cardiomyopathy? | [
"The following mutations of troponin C gene have been found to cause hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: L29Q; A8V; A31S; E134D; c.363dupG; A23Q; D145E and C84Y"
] | [
"L29Q",
"A8V",
"A31S",
"E134D",
"c.363dupG",
"A23Q",
"D145E",
"C84Y"
] | [
"The Ca(2+) binding properties of the FHC-associated cardiac troponin C (cTnC) mutation L29Q were examined in isolated cTnC, troponin complexes, reconstituted thin filament preparations, and skinned cardiomyocytes. ",
"Effects of calcium binding and the hypertrophic cardiomyopathy A8V mutation on the dynamic equi... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19439414",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20459070",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23425245",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21262074",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22489623",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16302972",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002312",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D019209",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D009154"
] |
535d78137d100faa09000005 | summary | What is known about the effect of acupuncture in smoking cessation ? | [
"Ear acupressure (EAP) and ear acupuncture have been used for smoking cessation, and some positive results have been reported.\nAuricular (ear) acupressure has been purported to be beneficial in achieving smoking cessation in some studies, while in others has been deemed insignificant.\nThe combined acupuncture-edu... | [] | [
"Ear acupressure (EAP) and ear acupuncture have been used for smoking cessation, and some positive results have been reported",
"Auricular (ear) acupressure has been purported to be beneficial in achieving smoking cessation in some studies, while in others has been deemed insignificant",
"Acupuncture combined w... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24030452",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17264832",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15861492",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16566674",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22373002",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17698433",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D026881",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012907",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016540",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
56c6dd275795f9a73e000008 | list | Which post-translational histone modifications are characteristic of constitutive heterochromatin? | [
"H3K9me3 is the major marker of constitutive heterochromatin. Other histone methylation marks usually found in constitutive heterochromatin, are H4K20me3 and H3K79me3. Classical histone modifications associated with heterochromatin include H3K9me2, H3K27me1 and H3K27me2. Histone H3 trimethylation at lysine 36 is as... | [
"H3S10p",
"H3K36me3",
"H4K20me3",
"H3K9me3",
"H3K79me3",
"H3K9me2",
"H3K27me1",
"H3K27me2",
"H3K27me3"
] | [
"H3S10 phosphorylation marks constitutive heterochromatin during interphase in early mouse embryos until the 4-cell stage",
"We show here that the maternally inherited Snurf-Snrpn 3-Mb region, which is silenced by a potent transcription repressive mechanism, is uniformly enriched in histone methylation marks usua... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11740497",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21541345",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17710556",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11356363",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22319459",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22572731",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D006570",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002843"
] |
56c1f02cef6e39474100004c | factoid | GV1001 vaccine targets which enzyme? | [
"GV1001 is a 16-amino-acid vaccine peptide derived from the human telomerase reverse transcriptase sequence. It has been developed as a vaccine against various cancers."
] | [
"human telomerase reverse transcriptase"
] | [
"A reverse-transcriptase-subunit of telomerase (hTERT) derived peptide, GV1001, has been developed as a vaccine against various cancers. ",
"Telomerase (GV1001) vaccination together with gemcitabine in advanced pancreatic cancer patients.",
"A study was conducted to investigate safety and immunogenicity in non-... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24815142",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19072345",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24954781",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21377838",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19388882",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23827187",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D014612",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004798"
] |
550af222c2af5d5b7000000b | factoid | Which is the E3 ubiquitin ligase which ubiquitinates IkB leading to its proteasomal degradation? | [
"IκB degradation involves ubiquitination mediated by a specific E3 ubiquitin ligase SCF(β-TrCP). SCF(β-TrCP) -mediated IκB ubiquitination and degradation is a very efficient process, often resulting in complete degradation of the key inhibitor IκBα within a few minutes of cell stimulation.",
"IkappaB degradation ... | [
"SCF(β-TrCP)",
"SCF beta-transducin repeat-containing protein (beta-TrCP)",
"beta-Trcp"
] | [
"IKK activation and IκB degradation involve different ubiquitination modes; the latter is mediated by a specific E3 ubiquitin ligase SCF(β-TrCP) . The F-box component of this E3, β-TrCP, recognizes the IκB degron formed following phosphorylation by IKK and thus couples IκB phosphorylation to ubiquitination. SCF(β-T... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22435548",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17001349",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16778892",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10837071",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20028970"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D044767"
] |
5318a955b166e2b806000020 | yesno | Is c-met involved in the activation of the Akt pathway? | [
"HGF-induced activation of c-Met is playing a pivotal role in the stimulation of c-Src activation, resulting in induction of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complexes p85α/p110α and p85α/p110δ, which is required for Akt-mediated activation of mammalian target of rapamycin, with consequent inhibition of IκB kinase and... | [
"yes"
] | [
"Amplification of MET has been reported in approximately 5%-22% of lung tumors with acquired resistance to small-molecule inhibitors of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Resistance to EGFR inhibitors is likely mediated through downstream activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase /AKT pathway.",
"Simu... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17258200",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23345546",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14570904",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18234991",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22820099",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23229794",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0043491",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0048012",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/SLTM_HUMAN",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D051057",
"http://www.nlm.nih... |
531a3fe3b166e2b806000038 | yesno | Is pregnancy an additional risk during during H1N1 infection? | [
"Pregnant women are at increased risk for complications from pandemic influenza H1N1 virus infection. Pregnant women, because of their altered immunity and physiological adaptations, are at higher risk of developing pulmonary complications, especially in the second and third trimesters. Pregnancy, particularly duri... | [
"yes"
] | [
"H1N1 influenza in pregnancy can be associated with severe complications",
"This case series confirms a high number of complications in pregnant women due to pandemic H1N1/09.",
"Pregnant women might be at increased risk for complications from pandemic H1N1 virus infection.",
"Pregnant women are at increased ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22551713",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22782418",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22482974",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22851818",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20148081",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24051575",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D018566",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D053118",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012306",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
532819afd6d3ac6a3400000f | yesno | Is there a crystal structure of Greek Goat Encephalitis? | [
"Based on results no crustal structure of Greek Goat Encephalitis found."
] | [
"no"
] | [] | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20862256",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18258134",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18471057"
] | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf",
"s": "http://purl.uniprot.org/taxonomy/41406",
"o": "http://purl.uniprot.org/taxonomy/39686"
},
{
"p": "http://purl.uniprot.org/core/scientificName",
"s": "http://purl.uniprot.org/taxonomy/39686",
"o": "unclassified Flavivirus"
... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004660",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D003460",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:646",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exa... |
51757bbb8ed59a060a00002e | yesno | Are long non coding RNAs as conserved in sequence as protein coding genes? | [
"No. Most long non coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are under lower sequence constraints than protein-coding genes."
] | [
"no"
] | [
"Most lncRNAs are under lower sequence constraints than protein-coding genes and lack conserved secondary structures, making it hard to predict them computationally.",
"hey are under stronger selective pressure than neutrally evolving sequences-particularly in their promoter regions, which display levels of selec... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23467124",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22955988",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22707570",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22844254",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22708672",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23463798",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
56c1f03bef6e394741000053 | factoid | Mutation of which gene is implicated in the Brain-lung-thyroid syndrome? | [
"Brain-lung-thyroid syndrome (BLTS) characterized by congenital hypothyroidism, respiratory distress syndrome, and benign hereditary chorea is caused by thyroid transcription factor 1 (NKX2-1/TTF1) mutations."
] | [
"thyroid transcription factor 1"
] | [
" The disorder is caused by mutations to the NKX2.1 (TITF1) gene and also forms part of the \"brain-lung-thyroid syndrome\", in which additional developmental abnormalities of lung and thyroid tissue are observed. ",
"Novel NKX2-1 Frameshift Mutations in Patients with Atypical Phenotypes of the Brain-Lung-Thyroid... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22166853",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20020530",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25759798",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26196025",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24129101",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22488412",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D009154",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D005796"
] |
52d946c798d023950500000a | summary | What is clathrin? | [
"Clathrin helps build small vesicles in order to safely transport molecules within and between cells."
] | [] | [
"Clathrin-mediated endocytosis is a central and well-studied trafficking process in eukaryotic cells.",
"We reported the first small molecule inhibitors of the interaction between the clathrin N-terminal domain (TD) and endocyctic accessory proteins (i.e., clathrin inhibition1).",
"Tubulobulbar complexes are el... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24322426",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23093191",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19809570",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12952941",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22042622",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24307937",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A11597306",
"o": "GO:0030276"
},
{
"p": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/prefMetaMap",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/id/C1149166",
"o": "http://linkedlifedat... | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0030118",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CLCA_MOUSE",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CLCA_HUMAN",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D033922",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CLCA_BOVIN",
"ht... |
5322d9339b2d7acc7e000011 | summary | What are the main results of PRKAR1A Knockdown? | [
"Suppression of protein kinase A regulatory subunit 1 alpha (PRKAR1A) has been proven to inhibit cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cell growth and enhance apoptosis. Also, Knockdown of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) Type Ialpha regulatory subunit in mouse oocytes disrupts meiotic arrest and results in meiotic spind... | [] | [
"These results show that RIα inactivation leads to multiple, compartment-specific alterations of the cAMP/PKA pathway revealing new aspects of signaling dysregulation in tumorigenesis.",
"Suppression of protein kinase A regulatory subunit 1 alpha (PRKAR1A) has been proven to inhibit cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cell ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20824711",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24122441",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16937372",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23480756"
] | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/KAP0_BOVIN",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D055785"
] |
535d75ab7d100faa09000004 | yesno | Is TENS machine effective in pain? | [
"Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation is widely used in pain management"
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation is widely used in pain management but its effectiveness depends on the stimulation being targeted appropriately",
"hypoalgesic effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation upon experimentally induced ischaemic pain.",
"The results of this study have provide... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7644247",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17333874"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D018710",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D010146",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D059350",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
56d1d14567f0cb3d66000003 | yesno | Is there any algorithm for enhancer identification from chromatin state? | [
"yes",
"Yes. RFECS is a random-forest based algorithm for enhancer identification from chromatin state. It integrates histone modification profiles for the identification of enhancers, and can be used to identify enhancers in a number of cell-types. RFECS not only leads to more accurate and precise prediction of ... | [
"yes"
] | [
"RFECS: a random-forest based algorithm for enhancer identification from chromatin state.",
"However, only a limited number of cell types or chromatin marks have previously been investigated for this purpose, leaving the question unanswered whether there exists an optimal set of histone modifications for enhancer... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23526891",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22328731"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D000465"
] |
532498959b2d7acc7e000017 | factoid | Which enzyme is targeted by the drug Imetelstat? | [
"Imetelstat sodium (GRN163L), is a 13-mer oligonucleotide N3'→P5' thio-phosphoramidate lipid conjugate, which represents the latest generation of telomerase inhibitors targeting the template region of the human functional telomerase RNA subunit. In preclinical trials, this compound has been found to inhibit telomer... | [
"Human Telomerase"
] | [
"Imetelstat (a telomerase antagonist) exerts off‑target effects on the cytoskeleton.",
"imetelstat sodium (GRN163L), is a 13-mer oligonucleotide N3'→P5' thio-phosphoramidate lipid conjugate, which represents the latest generation of telomerase inhibitors targeting the template region of the human functional telom... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21208905",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23386830",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21549308",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23521791",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23558965",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23545855",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#definition",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/id/C2746063",
"o": "NCI: A synthetic lipid-conjugated, 13-mer oligonucleotide N3'-P5'-thio-phosphoramidate with potential antineoplastic activity. Complementary to the template region of telomerase (hT... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004798",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004791",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004358"
] |
56c1f005ef6e39474100003a | list | Which interleukins are inhibited by Dupilumab? | [
"Dupilumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody that blocks interleukin-4 and interleukin-13, has shown efficacy in patients with asthma and elevated eosinophil levels."
] | [
"interleukin-4",
"interleukin-13"
] | [
"The world's first prospective controlled studies with the biologic human anti-IL4R antibody dupilumab for the indication \"atopic dermatitis\" were published in 2014. These motivated (1) to extend the studies to dupilumab and (2) to clinically test antagonization of other target molecules of TH2 polarized, atopic ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25482871",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25584909",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25006719",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25214796",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25645542",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24275927",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D007378"
] |
513ce3c8bee46bd34c000008 | list | Which human genes are more commonly related to craniosynostosis? | [
"The genes that are most commonly linked to craniosynostoses are the members of the Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor family FGFR3 and to a lesser extent FGFR1 and FGFR2. Some variants of the disease have been associated with the triplication of the MSX2 gene and mutations in NELL-1. NELL-1 is being regulated bu RU... | [
"FGFR3",
"FGFR2",
"FGFR1",
"MSX2",
"NELL1",
"RUNX2",
"RECQL4",
"TWIST",
"SOX6",
"GNAS"
] | [
"The FGFR3 P250R mutation was the single largest contributor (24%) to the genetic group",
"FGFR3 P250R and FGFR2 exons IIIa/c) should be targeted to patients with coronal or multisuture synostoses",
"GNAS, the gene for guanine nucleotide-binding protein, alpha-stimulating activity polypeptide (gene for PHP1A), ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12407713",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19530187",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16258006",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20643727",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10914960",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9934984",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D018566",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:2340",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D003398"
] |
553f78c7ab98a37113000008 | yesno | Are transcribed ultraconserved regions involved in cancer? | [
"Yes, it appears that there is widespread T-UCR (Transcribed - UltraConserved Region) involvement in diverse cellular processes that are deregulated in the process of tumourigenesis. Transcribed ultraconserved regions (T-UCRs) are a subset of 481 sequences longer than 200 bp, which are absolutely conserved between ... | [
"yes"
] | [
"Although most cancer research has focused in mRNA, non-coding RNAs are also an essential player in tumorigenesis. In addition to the well-recognized microRNAs, recent studies have also shown that epigenetic silencing by CpG island hypermethylation of other classes of non-coding RNAs, such as transcribed ultraconse... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24037088",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21298224",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22617881",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22328099",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24247010",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18323801",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:162"
] |
56d06e043975bb303a000011 | factoid | In which breast cancer patients can palbociclib be used? | [
"Palbociclib is useful for women with hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative breast cancer."
] | [
"hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative"
] | [
"Women with hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2- negative breast cancer-the most common subtype-have new options as palbociclib and similar drugs debut. ",
"We aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of palbociclib in combination with letrozole as first-line treatment of patients w... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25524798",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25792301",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26236140"
] | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:1612",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D001943"
] |
56d8b27651531f7e33000003 | yesno | Do patients with Pendred syndrome present congenital deafness? | [
"Congenital deafness is one of the characteristics of Pendred syndrome patients."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Pendred Syndrome can be characterized by the triad composed of familial goitre, abnormal perchlorate discharge and congenital deafness.",
"Pendred syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by congenital deafness and goiter. ",
"Pendred syndrome comprises congenital sensorineural hearing loss, t... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15320950",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9070918",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10502702",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1810081",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10602116",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9398842",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D003638"
] |
571e1e11bb137a4b0c000004 | list | List side effects of SGLT2 inhibitors? | [
"SGLT2 inhibitors can be associated with urogenital infections related to the enhanced glycosuria, and low blood pressure."
] | [
"urinary tract infections",
"genital infections",
"low blood pressure"
] | [
"Due to side effects such as urinary tract and genital infections and decrease in blood pressure, proper patient selection for drug initiation and close monitoring will be important. ",
"Urogenital side-effects related to the enhanced glycosuria can be troublesome, yet seldom lead to discontinuation.",
"Promoti... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24341330",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22977310",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24400675",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24825435",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23807940",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24631482",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D051297",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D064420",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D065606"
] |
552fa32fbc4f83e828000001 | yesno | Is CD56 useful in Ewing sarcoma prognosis? | [
"Excellent prognosis in a subset of patients with Ewing sarcoma identified at diagnosis by CD56 using flow cytometryIn patients with localized nonpelvic disease, those expressing low/negative CD56 had 100% PFS versus 40% in the high expressing group (P = 0.02)",
"CD56 expression could be used to reveal Ewing sarc... | [
"yes"
] | [
"Excellent prognosis in a subset of patients with Ewing sarcoma identified at diagnosis by CD56 using flow cytometry",
"There was a highly significant correlation between CD56 expression and progression-free survival (PFS; 69% in low/negative expression versus 30% in high expression groups, P = 0.024)",
"In pat... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21467162",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9692823",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22498946"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D011379",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012512"
] |
5509f433c2af5d5b70000008 | factoid | What is the method FASP used for? | [
"Filter Aided Sample Preparation (FASP), a type of proteomic reactor, in which samples dissolved in sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) are digested in an ultrafiltration unit."
] | [
"proteomic sample preparation"
] | [
"FASP (filter-aided sample preparation) ",
"mouse brain tissue lysate was prepared using filter-aided sample preparation (FASP) method ",
" an increased number of confident protein identifications are attained with a filter-aided digestion approach as compared to an in-solution digestion.",
"filter-aided samp... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23603217",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22949036",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24051509",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24022122",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24288579",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22324799",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
553fa2201d53b76422000005 | summary | What is the role of extracellular signal-related kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) proteins in craniosynostosis? | [
"Reduced dosage of ERF, which encodes an inhibitory ETS transcription factor directly bound by ERK1/2 causes complex craniosynostosis (premature fusion of the cranial sutures) in humans and mice. Features of this newly recognized clinical disorder include multiple-suture synostosis, craniofacial dysmorphism, Chiari... | [] | [
"Reduced dosage of ERF causes complex craniosynostosis in humans and mice and links ERK1/2 signaling to regulation of osteogenesis",
"we show that reduced dosage of ERF, which encodes an inhibitory ETS transcription factor directly bound by ERK1/2 (refs. 2,3,4,5,6,7), causes complex craniosynostosis (premature fu... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23354439"
] | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ERK1_CANAL",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:2340",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0070371"
] |
52fa73c62059c6d71c000058 | yesno | Are there any urine biomarkers for chronic kidney disease? | [
"Chronic kidney disease (CKD), is a progressive loss in renal function over a period of months or years. The symptoms of worsening kidney function are non-specific, and might include feeling generally unwell and experiencing a reduced appetite. Often, chronic kidney disease is diagnosed as a result of screening of ... | [
"yes"
] | [
"Kidney and urine proteomic biomarkers are considered as promising diagnostic tools to predict CKD progression early in diabetic nephropathy, facilitating timely and selective intervention that may reduce the related health-care expenditures.",
"Both blood and urine biomarkers are reviewed in this paper and offer... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20425065",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24315007",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24281781",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23758910",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24308223",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24065527",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/CHRONIC+DISEASE%2Furine",
"o": "CHRONIC DISEASE/urine"
}
] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:784",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004194",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0002678",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D01... |
533f9df0c45e133714000016 | list | What is being measured with an accelerometer in back pain patients | [
"Accelerometer assessment measuring overall physical activity (PAL), constant strain postures (CSP), standing time (ST) and lying time (LT)...\nThe following parameters of physical activity were recorded: time upright (standing or walking), time standing, time walking, and step count."
] | [
"Physical activity",
"PA",
"PAL",
"Constant Strain Postures",
"CSP",
"constant postures",
"Standing time",
"ST",
"Lying time",
"LT"
] | [
"accelerometer assessment measuring overall physical activity (PAL), constant strain postures (CSP), standing time (ST) and lying time (LT)",
"Physical activity was measured for 7 days at both baseline and at 3 months with an RT3 accelerometer",
"wearing an accelerometer to assess physical activity in daily lif... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23865908",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18752975",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19945891",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16437292",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15271728",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21872993",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A10992203",
"o": "15-810"
},
{
"p": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/prefMetaMap",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/id/C0178951",
"o": "http://linkedlifedata.co... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013001",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D059787",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D001416",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
56a3a386496b62f23f000007 | list | List the releases of JASPAR database | [
"JASPAR, JASPAR CORE, JASPAR FAM, JASPAR phyloFACTS, JASPAR 2008 update, JASPAR 2010, JASPAR 2014."
] | [
"JASPAR",
"JASPAR CORE",
"JASPAR FAM",
"JASPAR phyloFACTS",
"JASPAR 2008 update",
"JASPAR 2010",
"JASPAR 2014"
] | [
"JASPAR is an open-access database of annotated, high-quality, matrix-based transcription factor binding site profiles for multicellular eukaryotes. The profiles were derived exclusively from sets of nucleotide sequences experimentally demonstrated to bind transcription factors. The database is complemented by a we... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16381983",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19906716",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24194598",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14681366",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18006571"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D019991"
] |
56c1f038ef6e394741000051 | list | List symptoms of the IFAP syndrome. | [
"The IFAP syndrome is a rare X-linked genetic disorder characterized by the triad of follicular ichthyosis, atrichia, and photophobia."
] | [
"follicular ichthyosis",
"atrichia",
"photophobia"
] | [
"The IFAP syndrome is a rare X-linked genetic disorder characterized by the triad of follicular ichthyosis, atrichia, and photophobia.",
"Mutations in MBTPS2 have been reported to cause a broad phenotypic spectrum of X-linked genodermatoses, including IFAP (ichthyosis follicularis; atrichia and photophobia) syndr... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10398262",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1915513",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19689518",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21886760",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14708109",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24090718",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013577",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012816",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:225"
] |
531a34d5b166e2b806000036 | factoid | Which gene is required for the efficient function of clopidogrel? | [
"The prodrug clopidogrel requires activation by cytochrome P-450 (CYP) enzymes for its antiplatelet effect. Variability in clopidogrel response might be influenced by polymorphisms in genes coding for drug metabolism enzymes (cytochrome P450 CYP2C19), transport proteins (P-glycoprotein) and/or target proteins for t... | [
"cytochrome P450, CYPC19"
] | [
"The CYP2C19 G681A single polymorphism has been proven to affect clopidogrel responsiveness. ",
"This study investigated the effect of coexisting polymorphisms of CYP2C19 and P2Y12 on clopidogrel responsiveness and adverse clinical events in Chinese patient",
"ssociation of a functional polymorphism in the clop... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23150151",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21806387",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15933261",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21099121",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19463375",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20826260",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4275944",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4260620",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D011110",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D005796"
] |
56c1f029ef6e39474100004a | yesno | Is valproic acid effective for glioblastoma treatment? | [
"Yes, valproic acid prolong survival of glioblastoma patients. Valproic acid is an antiepileptic agent with histone deacetylase inhibitor activity shown to sensitize glioblastoma cells to radiation in preclinical models."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"A Phase 2 Study of Concurrent Radiation Therapy, Temozolomide, and the Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Valproic Acid for Patients With Glioblastoma.",
"PURPOSE: Valproic acid (VPA) is an antiepileptic agent with histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) activity shown to sensitize glioblastoma (GBM) cells to radiation... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26194676",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24874578",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25066904",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21880994",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23680820",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24899645",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D014635",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:3068",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013812",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Ex... |
56cdf40d5795f9a73e00003d | factoid | Which transcription factor is considered as a master regulator of lysosomal genes? | [
"Transcription factor EB (TFEB) is a master regulator of lysosomal biogenesis and autophagy, driving lysosome adaptation to environmental cues, such as starvation, and therefore targeting of TFEB may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for modulating lysosomal function in human disease."
] | [
"Transcription factor EB (TFEB)"
] | [
"In this paper, we identify a novel role for Rags in controlling activation of transcription factor EB (TFEB), a master regulator of autophagic and lysosomal gene expression",
"Interaction of TFEB with active Rag heterodimers promoted recruitment of TFEB to lysosomes, leading to mTORC1-dependent phosphorylation a... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22343943",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23457305",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25315655",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23401004",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25750174",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23830905",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
571529efcb4ef8864c000001 | list | Which antibiotics target peptidoglycan biosynthesis? | [
"Under some conditions, both ramoplanin and vancomycin probes produce helicoid staining patterns along the cylindrical walls of B. subtilis cells. This work has implications for the design of ramoplanin derivatives and may influence how other proposed substrate binding antibiotics are studied. This was confirmed by... | [
"colchicine",
"fosfomycin",
"bacitracin",
"vancomycin",
"D-cycloserine",
"seromycin",
"ampicillin",
"cinnamycin",
"ramoplanin",
"muraymycin",
"mersacidin"
] | [
"Treatment with antibiotics that interfere with peptidoglycan biosynthesis inhibits chloroplast division in the desmid Closterium",
"To detect cells just after division, we used colchicine, which inhibits Closterium cell elongation after division",
"The antibiotics bacitracin and vancomycin showed no obvious ef... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9210483",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10801476",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12440876",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21091161",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22280885",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8891144",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih... | [] | [] |
52b2ec744003448f55000001 | yesno | Can Levoxyl (levothyroxine sodium) cause insomnia? | [
"Levoxyl monotherapy is associated with increased insomnia compared to a combination of levothyroxine and liothyronine."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"METHODS: Seventy-one patients diagnosed with primary hypothyroidism were randomly allocated into two study groups: the first group received usual dose of levothyroxine and the second group received combination of levothyroxine and liothyronine for at least 4 months. The main outcomes were psychosocial problems (Go... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19701833"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013974",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D007319"
] |
530e42e65937551c09000007 | yesno | Is fatigue prevalent in patients receiving treatment for glioblastoma? | [
"Yes, fatigue is a common complication of glioblastoma patients receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"By contrast, fatigue worsened over time, with a difference in mean score of 5.6 points between baseline and 4-month follow-up (P=.02).",
"In the GB cohort, the most common side effects were fatigue (56 %), diarrhea (44 %), neutropenia (31 %), and thrombocytopenia (25 %). ",
"A total of 37 patients were treated... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20510539",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19593660",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3008359",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22832897",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20729242",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2168357",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:3073",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:3068",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D005909",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D005222",
"http://... |
53358cd2d6d3ac6a3400004e | list | List two common features of Tay syndrome. | [
"Tay syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder characterized by congenital ichthyosis and trichothiodystrophy (abnormal brittle hair). Other less common features of this syndrome are photosensitivity, low birth weight, short stature, mental retardation, delayed neuromuscular development and other CNS ... | [
"ichthyosis",
"trichothiodystrophy"
] | [
"TTD is part of a more broadly defined group of diseases identified as IBIDS (ichthyosis, brittle hair, impaired intelligence, decreased fertility and short stature). Photosensitive cases are also identified as PIBIDS (photosensitivity with IBIDS). Cases without manifest ichthyosis are also identified as PBIDS. The... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6538137",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18376101",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9050052",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2087835",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20687499",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10797890",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D054463",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:2960"
] |
52b2d405f828ad283c000009 | list | Which cell types are known to be driving Rheumatoid Arthritis? | [
"Macrophages, T cells and their respective cytokines play a pivotal role in RA. Rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts (RASFs) constitute a quite unique cell type that distinguishes RA from other inflammatory conditions of the joints. Activated synovial fibroblasts (SFs) have the ability to invade joint cartilag... | [
"Macrophages",
"T-cells",
"Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS)",
"Dendritic cells",
"synovial fibroblasts"
] | [
"Integration of GWAS results with cell-type specific gene expression or epigenetic marks have highlighted regulatory T cells and CD4 memory T cells as critical cell types in RA",
"A subset of synovial DCs is important in the response to cigarette smoke",
" we demonstrate that autoimmune patient (systemic lupus ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19863844",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15692990",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21160042",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24276088",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18613841",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16567358",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D001172",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:7148",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0005623"
] |
550324d7e9bde6963400002f | summary | What is the association between personality trait of neuroticism and risk for Alzheimer's disease? | [
"High neuroticism is associated with increased risk to develop Alzheimer's disease. Greater neuroticism is also associated more advanced Alzheimer's disease neuropathology and younger age of dementia onset. Neuroticism's association with late-life dementia mainly reflects vulnerability to stress and anxiety. Neurot... | [] | [
"RESULTS: Individuals with scores in the top quartile of neuroticism (hazard ratio = 3.1; 95% confidence interval = 1.6-6.0) or the lowest quartile of conscientiousness (hazard ratio = 3.3; 95% confidence interval = 1.4-7.4) had a threefold increased risk of incident AD.",
"Five of nine studies found that higher ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23040035",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19153372",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20973606",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17244848",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18590355",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20438208",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
52f125332059c6d71c000007 | summary | What is the mode of action of everolimus? | [
"Everolimus is a drug that binds to mTORC1 and inhibits activation of the mTOR signalling pathway. It is used in targeted cancer therapy protocols or after transplantation for maintenance immunosuppression, against allograft rejection."
] | [] | [
"Target-of-Rapamycin Inhibitors (Sirolimus, Everolimus),",
"Although the mTOR inhibitor everolimus is effective for the treatment of patients who have failed TKI therapy, it is important to consider all available treatment options before switching therapy mode of action.",
"The mTOR pathway, and its upstream re... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17890266",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24183081",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19620795",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20384580",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19299048",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16625599",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4267185"
] |
5158a5b8d24251bc05000097 | yesno | Have Quantitative Trait Loci affecting splicing (splicing QTLs) been linked to disease? | [
"Yes, mutations in the DNA that affect the splicing pattern of genes have been linked in transcriptome population studies to a number of diseases."
] | [
"yes"
] | [] | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21846806",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20707912",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23133393",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21628452",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22784570",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20856809",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D056426",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0000395",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0000381",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+... |
553653a5bc4f83e828000007 | factoid | Which technique is used for detection of EWS/FLI1 fusion transcripts? | [
"Molecular detection of EWS-FLI1 chimeric transcripts in Ewing family tumors is carried out by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)."
] | [
"Reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)"
] | [
"We evaluated the feasibility and usefulness of reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) on fine-needle aspirates for categorization of small blue round cell tumors (SBRCTs). A total of 51 cases, including 25 Ewing sarcoma/peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs), 11 rhabdomyosarcomas, 13... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23475435",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20231617",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9552022",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24293381",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10379685",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17154184",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [] |
5344310baeec6fbd0700000c | yesno | Does the CTCF protein co-localize with cohesin? | [
"Recent genome-wide studies mapping the binding sites of CTCF and its interacting partner, cohesin, using chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with deep sequencing (ChIP-seq) revealded that CTCF globally co-localizes with cohesin.",
"Recent genome-wide studies mapping the binding sites of CTCF and its interactin... | [
"yes"
] | [
"To investigate cohesin-non-CTCF (CNC) binding events in vivo we mapped cohesin and CTCF, as well as a collection of tissue-specific and ubiquitous transcriptional regulators using ChIP-seq in primary mouse liver.",
"In contrast to regions of the genome where cohesin and CTCF colocalize, CNC sites coincide with t... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22780989",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23010778",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19158269",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21876668",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19109133",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23295672",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CTCF_RAT",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CTCFL_HUMAN"
] |
56c868a95795f9a73e000017 | factoid | What is the application of the Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation (BiFC) assay in Drosophila embryos? | [
"Bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) is a powerful method for studying protein-protein interactions in different cell types and organisms. This method was recently developed in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, allowing analyzing protein interaction properties in a physiologically relevant developi... | [
"The study of protein-protein interactions in a physiologically relevant developing context."
] | [
"Bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) is a powerful method for studying protein-protein interactions in different cell types and organisms. This method was recently developed in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, allowing analyzing protein interaction properties in a physiologically relevant developi... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16454041",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21276241",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19771334",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18573091",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17406412",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25151172",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004330",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004331",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013050",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
54dcb29dc0bb8dce23000004 | summary | Which pathological condition of the heart is known as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)? | [
"Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) has been recently recognized as the most common inherited cardiovascular disorder, affecting 1 in 500 adults worldwide. HCM is characterized by myocyte hypertrophy resulting in thickening of the ventricular wall, myocyte disarray, interstitial and/or replacement fibrosis, decrease... | [] | [
"Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a primary disease of the cardiac muscle that occurs mainly due to mutations (>1,400 variants) in genes encoding for the cardiac sarcomere. HCM, the most common familial form of cardiomyopathy, affecting one in every 500 people in the general population, is typically inherited i... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25044876",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23782526",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25309450",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25191275",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25209314",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25328416",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:11984"
] |
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